2020—2022年重庆市巴南区活禽市场外环境禽流感病毒监测分析  

Surveillance of Subtypes of Avian Influenza Virus in the External Environment of Live Poultry Markets in Banan District of Chongqing from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：尹家奇 陈小玲[1] 廖芸馨 左佳 黄雪梅[1] 雷小念 YIN Jiaqi;CHEN Xiaoling;LIAO Yunxin;ZUO Jia;HUANG Xuemei;LEI Xiaonian(Banan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400030,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市巴南区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400030

出　　处：《食品安全导刊》2024年第11期133-136,共4页China Food Safety Magazine

摘　　要：目的:探究2020—2022年重庆市巴南区活禽市场外环境禽流感病毒污染情况,为人感染禽流感疫情防控提供科学依据。方法:随机采集巴南区4个活禽市场的环境样本,包括宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面的擦拭标本、粪便标本、笼具表面擦拭标本,采用全自动核酸提取仪和实时聚合酶链式反应对标本进行通用甲型流感病毒检测,阳性样本再进一步按照H5、H7、H9亚型分型,结果采用Excel 2021和SPSS 24.0软件统计分析。结果:巴南区禽流感阳性检出率为39.27%,不同年份禽流感阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.580,P=0.166)。H5、H7、H9、H5+H9、H7+H9、H5+H7+H9和未分型阳性率分别为9.59%、0.58%、42.73%、15.41%、0.29%、0.29%、31.10%,其中H9病毒亚型占比最高(42.73%),检出H7+H9(0.29%)、H5+H9(15.41%)、H5+H7+H9(0.29%)3种混合型样本。D农贸市场检出阳性率最高(47.81%),且不同监测场所禽流感阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.406,P<0.001);粪便标本、笼具标本、案板擦拭标本阳性检出率分别为39.31%、39.38%和39.11%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.086,P=0.958);不同季度禽流感阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.025,P=0.170)。结论:重庆市巴南区禽流感污染主要以H9为主,且阳性未分型样本占比较大,污染高峰为第一季度和第二季度。应加强对农贸市场禽流感病毒的实时监测,以及对禽类笼具、加工用具的消毒与灭菌。Objective:To analyze the contamination of avian influenza virus in the external environment of live poultry markets in Banan district of Chongqing from 2020 to 2022,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza infection in humans.Method:Environmental samples were randomly collected from four live poultry markets in Banan district,including stool samples,cage surface swabs,board surface swabs.The samples were detected for avian influenza by automatic nucleic acid extractor and real-time polymerase chain reaction.The positive samples were classified according to H5,H7,and H9 subtypes,and Excel 2021 and SPSS 24.0 software were used to statistically analyze the results.Result:The positive detection rate of avian influenza in Banan district is 39.27%,there was no statistically significant difference in the positive rates of avian influenza in different years(χ^(2)=3.580,P=0.166),the positive rates of H5,H7,H9,H5+H9,H7+H9,H5+H7+H9,and unclassified cases are 9.59%,0.58%,42.73%,15.41%,0.29%,0.29%,and 31.10%,respectively,with the H9 virus subtype accounted for the highest proportion(42.73%),and three mixed types of samples were detected,namely H7+H9(0.29%),H5+H9(15.41%),and H5+H7+H9(0.29%).The positive detection rate of avian influenza in the D agricultural market was the highest(47.81%),and there was a statistically significant difference in the positive detection rate among different monitoring locations(χ^(2)=23.406,P<0.001);the positive detection rates of fecal specimens,cage specimens,and tabletop wiping specimens were 39.31%, 39.38%, and 39.11%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (χ^(2)=0.086, P=0.958);the positive detection rate of avian influenza in different quarters was no statistically significant difference significant difference (χ^(2)=5.025, P=0.170). Conclusion: The avian influenza pollution in Banan district, Chongqing is mainly H9, and the proportion of positive untyped samples is relatively large, with the peak of pollution in the first a

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 活禽市场 监测 重庆 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]