脉冲束流下车载加速器中子源靶传热特性  

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Transportable AcceleratorNeutron Source Targets under Pulsed Beam

作　　者：胡耀程 范晶晶 谢宇鹏 李晓博 李竞伦[1,2] 张凡曦 苏浩泉 孙秋宇 杨一帆 李海鹏[1,2] 王盛[1,2,3] HU Yaocheng;FAN Jingjing;XIE Yupeng;LI Xiaobo;LI Jinglun;ZHANG Fanxi;SU Haoquan;SUN Qiuyu;YANG Yifan;LI Haipeng;WANG Sheng(School of Nuclear Science and Technology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Huzhou Neutron Science Laboratory,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313000,China;Hua Boron Neutron Technology(Hangzhou)Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学核科学与技术学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学湖州中子科学实验室,浙江湖州313000 [3]华硼中子科技(杭州)有限公司,杭州310000

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2024年第7期84-93,共10页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12375159,1210050454);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金资助项目(2020B1515120035)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同脉冲束流频率下车载加速器中子源靶的传热特性及其热动态响应,通过调整脉冲束流的频率或脉宽对背部冷却微通道靶的传热性能进行模拟,并通过分析靶内部结构的热沉积分布,探究车载加速器中子源靶的热负载上限以及制约束流的因素。选用能量为2.5 MeV、峰值流强为10 mA的束流开展模拟,结果表明:当束流占空比保持在3%不变时,靶的最高温度呈周期波动,且存在上下包络;随着束流频率的上升,每个脉冲周期内靶的上包络温度逐渐下降,这是由于每个脉冲期间的热冲击下降所导致的;频率上升时,每个周期内加热时间与冷却时间同时缩短,导致其下包络温度在最开始增大后基本保持不变;靶的最高温度随着束流频率增加出现从锂层到中间层钽层的转移。该研究对于车载加速器中子源的束流参数选择和靶冷却设计具有一定的参考价值。To investigate the heat transfer characteristics and thermal dynamic response of transportable accelerator neutron source targets under different pulsed beam frequencies,this paper simulates the heat transfer performance of the back-cooling microchannel target by adjusting the frequency or pulse width of the pulsed beam.Additionally,the thermal deposition distribution within the target structure is examined to explore the thermal load limits of the transportable accelerator neutron source targets and the factors that restrict the beam.The results reveal that when using a 2.5 MeV beam with a peak current of 10 mA and a constant duty cycle of 3%,the highest temperature of the target exhibits periodic fluctuations due to the pulsed beam,displaying upper and lower envelopes.With an increase in beam frequency,the upper envelope temperature of the target gradually decreases within each pulse period because of the reduced thermal shock.However,as the frequency increases,the heating time and cooling time within each period shorten simultaneously,leading to the lower envelope temperature of the target maintaining a relatively constant level after an initial increase.Moreover,the highest temperature of the target shifts from the lithium layer to the tantalum interlayer as the beam frequency increases.This study holds significant reference value for the selection of beam parameters and target cooling designs in transportable accelerator neutron sources.

关 键 词：车载加速器中子源靶 脉冲束流 传热特性 占空比 

分 类 号：O571.53[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]