金属矿山高浓度充填管道磨损规律与防控技术  

Wear Law and Prevention and Control Technology of High Concentration Filling Pipeline in Metal Mine

作　　者：王小林[1] 张润 邱征 郭进平[1] 吴爱祥[2] 王洪江[2] 乔思凯 顾清华[1] 卢才武[1] WANG Xiaolin;ZHANG Run;QIU Zheng;GUO Jinping;WU Aixiang;WANG Hongjiang;QIAO Sikai;GU Qinghua;LU Caiwu(School of Resources Engineering,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China;School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第6期181-190,共10页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(编号:GZC20232063);陕西省自然科学基金项目(编号:2024JC-YBQN-0507);陕西省博士后科研项目(编号:2023BSHYDZZ142);国家级大学生创新训练项目(编号:S202310703050);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(编号:2023-CXTD-12);国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号:51834001)。

摘　　要：金属矿高浓度充填能有效消除尾矿库和采空区危害,但充填管道磨损问题也成为制约充填效率的因素之一。基于对管道磨损类型的划分,从颗粒性质、料浆性质、料浆—管壁接触条件、管材性质和管道所处外部环境5个方面综述了充填管道磨损的影响因素;基于理论分析和现场实测归纳了5种不同形式充填管道的磨损规律,以此总结了充填管道磨损的防控技术。现有研究结果表明,不满管流时,充填管道最主要的磨损形式是冲蚀磨损,料浆流速的影响最显著;满管流时,磨蚀和腐蚀对管道磨损起重要作用,料浆浓度的影响最显著。垂直管道中,料浆—空气交界面处磨损最严重,提高满管率并采用等倍线设计可有效控制其磨损。水平直管和倾斜直管底部磨损最严重,水平弯管的底部和垂直弯管外侧为易磨部位。使用新型管道结构和耐磨管材,提高料浆均质性,优化充填骨料级配,改进充填作业制度,全面监测管网压力,革新管道磨损数据获取手段,采用数值模拟技术深入揭示管道磨损规律等措施,可直接或间接对充填管道磨损防控起到积极作用。研究结果可为矿山充填管道磨损控制提供指导。The high concentration filling of metal mine can effectively eliminate the harm of tailings pond and goaf,but the wear problem of filling pipeline has become one of the factors restricting the filling efficiency.Based on the classification of pipeline wear types,the influencing factors of filling pipeline wear are reviewed from five aspects:particle properties,slurry properties,slurry-wall contact conditions,pipe properties and external environment of pipeline.Based on theoretical analysis and field measurement,the wear law of five different forms of filling pipelines is summarized,and the prevention and control technology of filling pipeline wear is summarized.The existing research results show that the main wear form of the filling pipe is erosion wear when the pipe flow is not full,and the influence of the slurry flow rate is the most significant.At full pipe flow,abrasion and corrosion play an important role in pipeline wear,and the influence of slurry concentration is the most significant.In the vertical pipe,the wear at the slurry-air interface is the most serious,and the wear can be effectively controlled by increasing the full pipe rate and adopting the equidistant line design.The bottom of the horizontal straight pipe and the inclined straight pipe is the most seriously worn,and the bottom of the horizontal bend pipe and the outer side of the vertical bend pipe are the most easily worn parts.Using new pipeline structure and wear-resistant pipe materials,improving slurry homogeneity,optimizing filling aggregate gradation,improving filling operation system,comprehensively monitoring pipeline network pressure,innovating pipeline wear data acquisition methods,and using numerical simulation technology to deeply reveal pipeline wear laws can directly or indirectly play a positive role in the prevention and control of filling pipeline wear.The research results can provide guidance for the wear control of mine filling pipelines.

关 键 词：金属矿山 高浓度充填 管道磨损 磨损规律 磨损防控 

分 类 号：TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]