后跟具有硬质支撑结构的鞋垫对老年人行走稳定性的影响  

Effect of Hard Support Heel Insoles on Walking Stability in Elderly

作　　者：吕美莲 周涛 刘昭霞[1] 侯霞[1] 卢鑫 廖毅彬 LYU Meilian;ZHOU Tao;LIU Zhaoxia;HOU Xia;LU Xin;LIAO Yibin(Liming Vocational University,Quanzhou 362000,China;2361 Degree(China)Co.,Ltd.,Quanzhou 362200,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Rubber-Plastics Materials,Quanzhou 362211,China)

机构地区：[1]黎明职业大学,福建泉州362000 [2]三六一度(中国)有限公司,福建泉州362200 [3]福建省橡塑新材料重点实验室,福建泉州362211

出　　处：《中国皮革》2024年第7期9-14,共6页China Leather

基　　金：福建省教育厅中青年项目(JAT220711);黎明职业大学“服饰品数字化设计技术与产品功能研发”科研团队建设项目(LMTD201903);黎明职业大学“鞋服产品结构创新与功能研发协同创新中心”科研平台项目(LMPT202106);泉州市高层次人才创新创业项目(2022C012QR);黎明职业大学2021年规划项目(LT202105)。

摘　　要：本文旨在探究后跟具有硬质支撑结构鞋垫对老年人自然速度行走时稳定性的影响。采用Kistler三维测力台采集18名老年人以自然速度行走时垂直地面反作用力(vGRF)及压力中心(COP)轨迹数据,通过vGRF将步态的支撑相划分为负荷反应期(LR)、支撑中期(MSt)、支撑末期(TSt)、摆动前期(PSw)4个亚相,对比各亚相内COP的变化。结果显示,相比无鞋垫,基础鞋垫和支撑鞋垫均显著增加了LR时间,并减小了COP轨迹偏差,且支撑鞋垫效果更加显著。研究表明,鞋垫的硬支撑结构有助于减少老年人行走过程中的步态不稳定性,从而降低跌倒风险。The objective of this study is to examine the impact of insoles possessing a hard support structure in the heel area on the stability of elderly individuals while walking at a natural pace.Ground Reaction Force(vGRF)and Center of Pressure(COP)trajectory data were collected utilizing a Kistler three-dimensional force plate as 18 elderly participants walked at their natural pace.The stance phase of the gait cycle was partitioned into four sub-phases,namely Loading Response(LR),Mid Stance(MSt),Terminal Stance(TSt),and Pre-Swing(PSw),based on the vGRF.Changes in COP within each sub-phase were subsequently compared.The results indicate that both the basic insole and support insole significantly increase LR time and reduce COP trajectory displacement relative to no insole,with the support insole having a more pronounced effect.Thus,the study posits that the hard support structure of the insole can help mitigate gait instability in elderly individuals,so reducing the risk of falls.

关 键 词：老年人 行走稳定性 鞋垫 压力中心 

分 类 号：TS94[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]