基于自适应滑模观测器的中点钳位型三电平并网逆变器开关管和电流传感器故障诊断  

A Diagnosis Method for Power Switch and Current Sensor Faults in Grid-Connected Three-Level Neutral-Point Clamped Inverters Based on Adaptive Sliding Mode Observer

作　　者：许水清 许晓凡 何怡刚 柴毅[3] Xu Shuiqing;Xu Xiaofan;He Yigang;Chai Yi(College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院,合肥230009 [2]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072 [3]输变电装备技术全国重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆400044

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第13期4066-4078,共13页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFF0102200);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51637004);国家自然科学基金(62273128,61803140,51807044,51577046)资助。

摘　　要：为提高中点钳位型三电平(3L-NPC)并网逆变器故障诊断的准确性和可靠性,针对其开关管开路故障和电流传感器故障,提出一种基于自适应滑模观测器的开关管开路故障和电流传感器故障同时诊断方法。该方法首先针对3L-NPC并网逆变器,设计一种收敛速度快且能显著抑制抖振的自适应滑模观测器来精确估计正常状态下的三相电流值;其次,利用实际电流和估计电流设计了故障检测变量;同时,利用实际三相电流之和以及估计三相电流之和来区分开关管故障和电流传感器故障;在此基础上,构造开关管故障定位变量和电流传感器故障识别变量,实现开关管开路故障的准确定位以及电流传感器故障类型的快速识别。实验结果验证了该文所提诊断算法的有效性和鲁棒性。The grid-connected three-level neutral-point clamped(3L-NPC)inverter is widely used in grid-connected systems for new energy generation due to its advantages such as low output voltage and current harmonics.However,an open-circuit fault in power switch or a fault in the current sensor within the inverter can lead to a decrease in system performance and may even trigger significant safety incidents within the power grid.Nowadays,most of the fault diagnosis methods for 3L-NPC inverters focus on single-fault diagnosis.Therefore,this paper presents a simultaneous fault diagnosis method for both the power switch open-circuit fault and current sensor fault in 3L-NPC inverter based on an adaptive sliding mode observer.Firstly,an adaptive sliding mode observer with fast convergence speed and significant chattering suppression is designed to accurately estimate the three-phase current value in normal state.Then,fault diagnosis variables are designed using estimated and actual currents.In the absence of a fault in the inverter,the fault detection variable dx stays within the adaptive threshold range.However,in the event of a fault,the detection variable dx rapidly surpasses the adaptive threshold.The faulty phase can be determined based on the absolutemaximum values of the fault detection variables ra,rb and rc.Additionally,if the sum of the three-phase currents falls within the adaptive threshold range,it signifies a power switch open-circuit fault on the faulty phase.Conversely,it indicates a sensor fault has occurred on the faulty phase.On the basis of completing the fault detection,we further carry out fault identification.In the event of a power switch open-circuit fault in the inverter,the specific location of the faulty power switch can be determined using the fault localization variable wx.In cases of a current sensor fault within the inverter,a rapid identification of the type of current sensor fault can be achieved by combining the fault localization variable wx with the fault identification variable Bx.Through t

关 键 词：中点钳位型三电平(3L-NPC)并网逆变器 开关管开路故障 电流传感器故障 自适应滑模观测器 

分 类 号：TM464[电气工程—电器]