透平叶栅风影冷却研究进展  

A review on phantom cooling in turbine cascades

作　　者：宋宇 刘钊[1] 杨星[1] 丰镇平[1] SONG Yu;LIU Zhao;YANG Xing;FENG Zhenping(Institute of Turbomachinery,School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院叶轮机械研究所,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《推进技术》2024年第7期1-15,共15页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(J2019-Ⅲ-0007-0050)。

摘　　要：高效的冷却技术对保障燃气轮机透平和航空发动机涡轮长寿命、高可靠地运行具有关键作用。近年来,为了提高冷气的利用率,气膜冷却所带来的附加冷却效果—风影冷却,逐渐被研究人员重视。本文首先描述了风影冷却的形成机理,分析了其影响因素,并将迄今为止公开发表的风影冷却研究归类为:上游叶排冷气在下游叶片上形成的风影冷却、叶片冷气射流在端壁表面形成的风影冷却、叶片冷气射流在叶顶表面形成的风影冷却、端壁冷气出流在叶片表面形成的风影冷却以及燃烧室冷却出流在静叶表面形成的风影冷却,其中包含了虽未被明确命名为风影冷却但本质上属于风影冷却的研究成果。随后,对不同类型风影冷却的研究现状和现有不足进行了综述,指出未来研究需要进一步利用好风影冷却的优势,推动现有的被动风影冷却研究朝着风影冷却主动设计方向发展,以期进一步提升冷气的覆盖面积和解决叶栅复杂二次流导致的冷却“死区”问题;此外,发展风影冷却技术对精减冷却结构、降低叶片加工成本以及开展透平叶栅高效一体化冷却设计也具有十分重要的作用。Efficient cooling technology plays a key role in ensuring the long-life service of gas turbines and aeroengine turbines with a high reliability.In recent years,phantom cooling,an additional cooling effect of film cooling,has been noticed by researchers to improve the utilization of coolant.This paper first describes the forma-tion mechanism of phantom cooling,analyzes its affecting factors,and classifies phantom cooling published in open literature as follows:phantom cooling formed on the downstream blade by the coolant discharged from the upstream blades,phantom cooling formed on the endwall surface by the coolant discharged from the blade,phan-tom cooling formed on the blade tips by the coolant discharged from the blade,phantom cooling formed on the blade surface by the coolant injection from the endwall,and phantom cooling formed on the vanes by the effusion coolant from the combustor chamber,which contains those publications that are essentially phantom cooling,while not explicitly named.Then,the research status and shortcomings of different categories of phantom cooling are summarized.It is pointed out that the advantages of phantom cooling should be fully taken in the future,and passive phantom cooling should be shifted towards developing active phantom cooling design,instead,which could further improve the coverage area of coolant and solve the“difficult-to-cool zones”caused by complex sec-ondary flow in cascades.In addition,the development of phantom cooling also plays an important role in simplify-ing cooling structures,reducing blade machining cost,and developing more-efficient integrated cooling design for turbine cascades.

关 键 词：燃气轮机 气膜冷却 风影冷却 二次冷却 综述 

分 类 号：V231[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]