“精神胜利法”的“合理性”问题辩正  

On the Rationality of “Spiritual Victory Method”

作　　者：杨文军 段然 YANG Wenjun;DUAN Ran(College of Liberal Arts,Hubei Normal University,Huangshi 435002,China;Huangshi No.2 Senior High School,Huangshi 435003,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北师范大学文学院,湖北黄石435002 [2]湖北省黄石市第二中学,湖北黄石435003

出　　处：《湖北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期57-64,共8页Journal of Hubei Normal University（Philosophy and Social Science）

摘　　要：“精神胜利法”的“合理性”在“新时期”得到越来越多的发掘和肯定。《芙蓉镇》塑造的知识分子版的阿Q秦书田,正是靠着“精神胜利法”才得以存活。《散宜生诗》所体现的“精神胜利法”不仅成就了其艺术上的“奇趣”,也帮助诗人克服了现实的苦难。吕俊华、廖国伟等人则从心理学的角度论证了“精神胜利法”的“合理性”。但“精神胜利法”的“合理性”是有限度的,它至多只能解决精神层面的问题,而无法解决现实层面的问题;至多只能解决个体层面的问题,而无法解决群体层面的问题。因此,鲁迅对“精神胜利法”的揭露和批判始终具有无法遮蔽的现实意义。The rationality of the“spiritual victory method”has been more and more explored and affirmed in the“new period”.QIN Shutian,the intellectual version of Ah Q shaped in Furong Town,survived by relying on the“spiritual victory method”.The method of spiritual victory embodied in Sanyisheng Poems Collection not only made this work achieve stunning artistic effects,but also helped the poet overcome his realistic sufferings.LU Junhua,LIAO Guowei and other experts demonstrated the“rationality”of“spiritual victory method”from the perspective of psychology.However,the rationality indicated by the“spiritual victory method”is limited.As it can only solve problems at the spiritual level rather than the practical level.Or,at best,it can only solve problems at the individual level rather than the group level.Therefore,LU Xun’s exposure and criticism of the“spiritual victory method”has always been of practical significance.

关 键 词：《阿Q正传》 精神胜利法 合理性 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]