中国南方高成熟泥页岩有机质微观特征研究  

Study on the microscopic characteristics of organic matter in highly mature shale in South China

作　　者：焦淑静[1] 梁萍萍[2] 郭伟[2] 周晓峰[3] JIAO Shujing;LIANG Pingping;GUO Wei;ZHOU Xiaofeng(College of New Energy and Material,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083;College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)新能源与材料学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2024年第3期317-323,共7页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：国家重大专项资助项目:页岩气工业化建产区评价与高产主控因素研究(No.2017ZX05035004).

摘　　要：页岩有机质孔隙对页岩气勘探开发有着重要的指示作用,对页岩气生成及运移机理的认知有着重要意义,是研究人员关注的焦点问题。本文采用自然断面制样方法,利用扫描电镜对中国南方高成熟泥页岩进行观察研究发现,有机质主要以三种形态存在于页岩中,一种是细微的颗粒状,微粒尺寸约10~100 nm,与周围矿物界限不明显;一种是呈块状,尺寸多超过10μm,断口表面光滑;一种是部分保留生物形态的有机质,从数量而言以前两种为主。结合有机质成因及特征,作者对其进行分类:第一种为干酪根,第二种为沥青,第三种为生物碎屑。干酪根和沥青中都可能生成孔隙,干酪根内孔隙尺寸较小,形态不规则,沥青中的孔隙尺寸较大,呈气泡状,孔壁较圆滑。因为在泥页岩中干酪根占比比固体沥青多,而且高成熟度的页岩中干酪根中普遍发育孔隙,沥青中较少发育孔隙,所以干酪根孔隙是有机质孔隙的主体。The pores in the shale organic matter play an important role in the shale gas exploration and development.They have an important significance in understanding the formation and the migration mechanism of shale gas.In this paper,scanning electron microscope was used to observe and study the highly mature shale in southern China.The organic matter existed in the shale in three forms.The first one was the fine granular with the particle size of 10~100 nm.The boundary of the organic matter with surrounding minerals was not clear.The second one was blocky with the size exceeding 10μm.The fracture surface was smooth.The third one was the organic matter that partially retained the biological form.The first two forms have dominated quantities.Based on the origin and characteristics of organic matter,they can be classified into kerogen,asphalt and bioclastic.Pores can be generated in kerogen and asphalt.The pore size is small in the kerogen with an irregular shape.The pore size is large in the asphalt with a bubble-like smooth shape.

关 键 词：高成熟 页岩 有机质孔隙 有机质类型 干酪根 沥青 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：P618.1[天文地球—矿床学] TE311[天文地球—地质学] TG115.215.3[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]