识解理论视角下庭审话语中控辩双方叙事对抗研究  

A Study of Narrative Confrontation between the Prosecution and The Defense in Courtroom Discourse Based on Construal Theory

作　　者：马泽军[1] 王洁 Ma Zejun;Wang Jie(School of Foreign Languages,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning,116024)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学外国语学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《语文学刊》2024年第3期50-58,共9页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国当代庭审转述话语的多声源特征、功能及语用阐释研究”(18BFX060)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：查明事实真相是刑事庭审的主要目标。在刑事庭审过程中,叙事在庭审话语中发挥重要作用,因为控辩双方常常会以叙事的方式呈现证据与事实,构成证据链条。依据认知语言学中的识解理论,借助KH Coder软件呈现的庭审调查阶段叙事中的词汇共现情况,本文从四个方面:辖域与背景、视角、突显及详略度来探讨《庭审现场》节目中涉嫌故意杀人案的四个案件庭审调查阶段的话语中控辩双方的叙事对抗。研究发现:控辩双方叙事形成明显对抗。控方主要激活“故意杀人”的概念域,从客观识解视角,突显被告人系故意杀人,用详略度高的语言来描述案件过程,形成被告人“故意杀人”的形象。辩方主要激活“并非故意”这一概念域,从主观识解视角,突显被害人不当行为,用详略度低的叙述来模糊案件过程,形成被告人“非故意杀人”的形象。从认知角度分析庭审话语,有助于帮助人们从科学视角了解庭审叙事建构,更加充分发挥庭审功能,推动我国庭审实质化进程,使诉辩双方诉求得到充分展示,为法官科学、公正判决作出贡献。To ascertain the truth is the main goal of a criminal trial.In criminal trials,narration plays a very important role,for evidence chains are constructed when the prosecution and the defense represent the fact of the case and evidence by way of verbal narration.However,in this process,the prosecution and the defense may produce different versions of narrative or even confrontation due to their different purposes and intentions.Based on the construal theory,this paper is intended to explore the narrative confrontation between the prosecution and the defense in the investigation discourse of the four cases of alleged intentional homicide taken from the program“XianChang”from four aspects:scope and background,perspective,salience,and specificity.What’s more,with the assistance of KH Coder software,the co-occurrence of words between the prosecution and the defense in the narrative at the trial investigation stage is also analyzed in order to objectively visualize the differences in salience and specificity between the two parties in their narratives.It is found that there is evident confrontation between the prosecution and the defense and different images of the defendant are constructed in their narratives in court trial process.The prosecution party mainly activates the conceptual domain of“intentional homicide”,highlights the defendant’s intentional homicide from an objective perspective,describes the process of the case in highly detailed language,and creates the image of the defendant as a devil killer.The defense party mainly activates the conceptual domain of“unintentionally”,highlights the victim’s misbehavior from a subjective perspective,uses details of lesser specificity to obscure the course of the case,creating the image of the defendants as“involuntary manslaughter”.The analysis of courtroom discourse from the cognitive perspective not only helps people understand the construction of courtroom narratives in a scientific way to give full play to the function of the courtroom trial,b

关 键 词：识解理论 庭审话语 叙事对抗 

分 类 号：H15[语言文字—汉语]