日粮添加蛹虫草缓解脂多糖诱导的仔猪肝损伤和骨骼肌蛋白质降解  

Dietary Addition of Cordyceps Militaris Can Alleviate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Liver Damage and Skeletal Muscle Protein Degradation in Early Weaning Piglets

作　　者：蔡睿杰 褚艺心 史新娥[1] 靳建军 杨公社[1] CAI RuiJie;CHU YiXin;SHI XinE;JIN JianJun;YANG GongShe(Shannxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics/Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development Laboratory,College of Animal Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,动物脂肪沉积与肌肉发育实验室/陕西省动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2024年第12期2467-2482,共16页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划(2020NY-004,2023-YBNY-109);陕西省“两链”融合重点专项(2022GD-TSLD-46-0301)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨日粮中添加蛹虫草对断奶仔猪生长和免疫性能的影响及调节断奶仔猪免疫应激的机制,为新型饲料添加剂筛选提供依据。【方法】选取相同日龄、初始体重相似的杜×长×大早期断奶仔猪144头并随机分为4组:NC组(基础日粮)、LPS组(LPS+基础日粮)、LPS+500CM组(LPS+基础日粮+500 mg·kg^(-1)CM)、LPS+1000 CM(LPS+基础日粮+1000 mg·kg^(-1)CM)。NC组和LPS组饲喂基础日粮,LPS+500CM组和LPS+1000CM组分别按照比例将蛹虫草粉与基础日粮充分混匀后饲喂。饲养结束后,每组随机挑选6头(公母各半)屠宰,屠宰前4h对LPS组、LPS+500CM组和LPS+1000CM组腹腔注射LPS,NC组注射等量生理盐水。屠宰后采集背最长肌、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、胰脏和肾脏进行检测。【结果】对体重及采食量统计分析,结果显示,日粮添加蛹虫草饲喂仔猪对仔猪平均日采食量无显著影响,而添加500 mg·kg^(-1)CM和1000 mg·kg^(-1)CM的仔猪分别比对照组仔猪体重提高了8.58%(P<0.05)和9.08%(P<0.05)。相比于NC组,LPS组仔猪脾脏指数显著降低(P<0.05),而LPS+500CM组和LPS+1000CM组仔猪脾脏指数均显著高于LPS组(P<0.05)。肝功能生物标志物和总胆汁酸检测表明,LPS组仔猪肝脏ALT水平比NC组显著升高(P<0.05),AST、LDH、总胆汁酸水平有上升趋势。而饲料中添加有蛹虫草的LPS+500CM组和LPS+1000CM组的ALT、AST、LDH和总胆汁酸水平均比LPS组的指标显著降低。肝脏抗氧化指标和炎症因子表达检测显示,LPS组仔猪肝脏的MDA、LPO、T-AOC水平及炎症因子表达显著升高(P<0.05),而CAT、GSH-Px、T-SOD水平显著降低(P<0.01),而用蛹虫草饲喂仔猪可以显著缓解这些指标的升高或降低。LPS组骨骼肌粗蛋白和氨基酸含量显著减低(P<0.01),而日粮添加蛹虫草饲喂可以显著缓解LPS导致的蛋白和氨基酸含量减少(P<0.01)。与NC相比,LPS组炎症因子表达显著升高(P<0.05),而日粮添加蛹虫草饲喂后炎症因子表【Objective】This study aims to explore the effect of cordyceps militaris on the growth and immune performance of early weaned piglets and the mechanism of regulating immune stress.【Method】A total of Duroc×Landrace×large 144 early-weaned piglets of the same age and similar initial weight were randomly divided into 4 groups:NC(basal diet),LPS(LPS+basal diet),LPS+500CM(LPS+basal diet+500 mg·kg^(-1)CM)and LPS+1000CM(LPS+basal diet+1000 mg·kg^(-1)CM).Group NC and group LPS were fed with basal diet,while group LPS+500CM and group LPS+1000CM were fed by fully mixed basal diet with cordyceps militaris(CM)powder according to the proportion.After feeding,6 piglets in each group(half male and half female)were randomly selected and slaughtered.Group LPS,group LPS+500CM and group LPS+1000CM were intraperitoneally injected with LPS according to body weight 4 hours before slaughter,and group NC was injected with the same amount of normal saline.After slaughtering,the longissimus dorsi,heart,liver,spleen,pancreas and kidney were collected for the next detection.【Result】Statistical analysis of body weight and feed intake showed that adding Cordyceps militaris to the diet of piglets had no notable effect on the average daily feed intake of piglets,while the weight of piglets supplemented with 500 mg·kg^(-1)CM and 1000 mg·kg^(-1)CM was respectively higher than that of the control group.8.58%(P<0.05)and 9.08%(P<0.05).Compared with the NC group,the spleen index of piglets in the LPS group was significantly lower(P<0.05),while the spleen index of the piglets in the LPS+500CM group and LPS+1000CM group was significantly higher than that in the LPS group(P<0.05).The detection of liver function biomarkers and total bile acids showed that the liver ALT level of piglets in the LPS group was significantly higher than that of the NC group(P<0.05),and the levels of AST,LDH,and total bile acids showed an upward trend.The ALT,AST,LDH and total bile acid levels of the LPS+500CM group and LPS+1000CM group with Cordyceps militaris

关 键 词：蛹虫草 早期断奶仔猪 脂多糖 免疫应激 肝损伤 蛋白质代谢 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]