秸秆还田与耕作方式对双季稻土壤团聚体及碳氮含量的影响  

Effect of straw returning and tillage method on soil aggregates and carbon,nitrogen content in double-season rice

作　　者：熊瑞 欧阳宁 欧茜[1,2] 钟康裕 周文涛 王泓睿 龙攀 徐莹[1,2] 傅志强 XIONG Rui;OUYANG Ning;OU Xi;ZHONG Kangyu;ZHOU Wentao;WANG Hongrui;LONG Pan;XU Ying;FU Zhiqiang(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第6期1347-1356,共10页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ30319);湖南省教育厅重点科研项目(20A256)。

摘　　要：为探讨南方双季稻区秸秆还田与不同耕作方式结合对土壤团聚体组成及土壤有机碳、全氮含量的影响,在湖南双季稻区开展了主区为秸秆还田(S1)与不还田(S0),副区为免耕(NT)、浅旋耕(RT)、深耕(TT)的大田裂区试验。结果表明,与其他处理相比,S1+TT处理下0~10 cm土层早、晚稻的土壤大团聚体质量分数分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.70%~9.03%、4.48%~30.53%;10~20 cm土层土壤团聚体的平均质量直径和几何平均直径显著高于除S0+TT外的其他处理,在早稻上二者分别提高了7.23%~18.67%和4.35%~10.77%,在晚稻上二者分别提高了5.06%~23.88%和4.94%~23.19%;早稻10~20 cm土层(除S1+NT处理外)、晚稻0~10 cm土层的全氮含量分别显著提高13.04%~23.81%、10.14%~40.74%;早、晚稻10~20 cm土层和早稻0~10 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量分别显著提高4.36%~26.70%、3.83%~21.71%、3.86%~10.92%。综上,在双季稻区秸秆还田搭配深耕可以提高土壤团聚体的稳定性,及土壤有机碳、全氮含量,有利于促进土壤耕作层团聚体结构稳定,提高土壤质量。To assess the impact of straw returning in conjunction with different tillage techniques on soil macroaggregate composition,soil organic carbon content,and total nitrogen content in double-season rice in southern China,a split-plot field experiment was conducted in Hunan Province.The primary plots were divided into straw returning(S1)and no straw returning(S0),while the subplots were assigned to no-tillage(NT),shallow rotary tillage(RT),and deep tillage(TT).The results showed that,compared to the other treatments,the S1+TT treatment significantly(P<0.05)enhanced the soil macroaggregate mass fraction by 1.70%-9.03%and 4.48%-30.53%,respectively,in the 0-10 cm soil layer for the early rice and the late rice.The mean mass diameter and geometric mean diameter of soil aggregates in the 10-20 cm soil layer under S1+TT treatment were significantly higher than the other treatments except S0+TT by 7.23%-18.67%and 4.35%-10.77%,respectively,for the early rice,and 5.06%-23.88%and 4.94%-23.19%,respectively,for the late rice.Furthermore,the total nitrogen content in the 10-20 cm soil layer of early rice(excluding S1+NT)and the 0-10 cm soil layer of late rice was significantly elevated by 13.04%-23.81%and 10.14%-40.74%,respectively,under the S1+TT treatment,and the soil organic carbon content in the 10-20 cm soil layer of both early and late rice,as well as the 0-10 cm soil layer of early rice,was significantly increased by 4.36%-26.70%,3.83%-21.71%,and 3.86%-10.92%,respectively.In conclusion,deep tillage in combination with straw returning could enhance the stability of soil aggregates and increase the contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen,thereby promoting the stabilization of soil aggregate structure in the tillage layer and improving soil quality.

关 键 词：双季稻 秸秆还田 耕作方式 团聚体稳定性 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学] S345[农业科学—农业基础科学]