扁平大空间船舶火灾烟气控制试验研究  

Experimental study on ship fire smoke control in large flat-space

作　　者：李森[1,2] 王少鹏 林锦 陆守香 李倩[1] 陈国庆 LI Sen;WANG Shaopeng;LIN Jin;LU Shouxiang;LI Qian;CHEN Guoqing(Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei Anhui 230026,China;Shanghai Shipbuilding Technology Research Institute,Shanghai 200032,China;China Ship Development and Design Center,Wuhan Hubei 430064,China;Shanghai Rules and Research Institute,China Classification Society,Shanghai 200135,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230026 [2]上海船舶工艺研究所,上海200032 [3]中国舰船研究设计中心,湖北武汉430064 [4]中国船级社上海规范研究所,上海200135

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2024年第5期162-167,共6页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：为有效控制扁平大空间船舶火灾烟气蔓延,研究大尺度火灾过程中的油池质量损失速率、舱室温度分布、隔热效率和烟气控制效果。利用尺寸为30 m×24 m×2.3 m的模拟舱,在0.35、0.55和0.70 m等3种不同挡烟垂壁高度和机械通风条件下开展试验。结果表明:挡烟垂壁高度增加,油池质量损失速率峰值减小;挡烟垂壁高度对舱室上层烟气温度的影响比对下层气体温度的影响更明显,1.4 m以上空间温度峰值明显下降,而1.4 m以下空间温度峰值无明显变化。顶棚平均温度和隔热效率随挡烟垂壁高度增加而下降。随挡烟垂壁高度增加,火源区与非火源区同时控烟模式隔热效率从28.2%提升至50.8%,火源区单独控烟模式隔热效率从29.4%提升至54.7%。To effectively control the smoke spread in large flat-space ships,the oil pool mass loss rate,chamber temperature distribution,thermal insulation efficiency,and smoke control effect were investigated during large-scale fires.The experimental study was performed under three different smoke screen heights(0.35,0.55,and 0.70 m)and mechanical ventilation conditions in a chamber with dimensions of 30 m×24 m×2.3 m.The results indicated that the increase in smoke screen height caused a decrease in the peak value of the oil pool mass loss.The smoke screen height had a more significant impact on the smoke temperature in the chamber's upper layer than that of the lower layer.The peak temperature above 1.4 m was significantly decreased,whereas no significant change in the peak temperature below 1.4 m was observed.The average ceiling temperature and thermal insulation efficiency decreased with the increase in the smoke screen height.The thermal insulation efficiency increased from 28.2%to 50.8%under the combined smoke control mode,and it increased from 29.4%to 54.7%under the independent smoke control mode.

关 键 词：扁平大空间 船舶火灾 烟气控制 挡烟垂壁 机械通风 控烟模式 隔热效率 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]