苗族祭仪“布冲他力”的名称含义与仪式性质  

Name Meaning and Ritual Nature of the Miao Sacrifice"bulqodntadlis"

作　　者：吴晓东[1] Wu Xiaodong(School of Sociology and Ethnology,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Fangshan District 100102,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学社会与民族学院,北京房山区100102

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2024年第3期45-52,共8页Journal of Tongren University

基　　金：中国社会科学院民族文学研究所创新工程“南方民族口头传统基础与转化应用研究”(MWS202401)。

摘　　要：苗语东部方言区的苗族有一堂称为“布冲他力”(bul qod tead lis)的祭祀仪式,有白天与黑夜之分。“布冲”(bul qod)是指砍掉仪式中带刺的qod(冲)树,以达到“他力”(tead lis)的目的,即解开詈、咒语。此仪式与另一种也有白天黑夜之分的祭祀仪式“叭力”关系紧密,是同一种仪式的分化。无论是仪式行为还是祭祀目的,“布冲他力”目前在各地已经有了很大的变异与分化。The Miao people in the eastern dialect area of the Miao language have a sacrificial ritual called"bulqodntadlis",which is divided into day and night."bulqod"refers to the act of chopping down a thorny qod tree in a ritual in order to achieve the goal of"ntadlis",that is,to untie curses and spells.This ritual is closely related to another type of sacrificial ritual that also has a distinction between day and night,known as"Ba Li",and is a differentiation of the same ritual.Whether it is the ritual behavior or the purpose of sacrifice,"bulqodntadlis"has had great variation and differentiation in various places.

关 键 词：苗族仪式 布冲他力 巴岱 叭力 解令甲 打干锣 

分 类 号：C951[社会学—民族学]