清末“切音字运动”的汉字繁难理论与教育普及观念  

Complexity of Chinese Characters in the Phonetic Alphabet Campaign of the Late Qing Dynasty and the Notion of Universal Education

作　　者：刘晓明[1] 刘玮[2] LIU Xiaoming;LIU Wei(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;Department of Social Science,Hebei Sport University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050041,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院文学院,河北张家口075000 [2]河北体育学院社会科学教学部,河北石家庄050041

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2024年第4期127-132,共6页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Educational Science)

基　　金：河北省教育厅2024年省级研究生教育教学改革研究项目“语言类研究生复合创新人才梯度型培养模式研究”(YJG-2024041)。

摘　　要：清朝末年,中华民族危于累卵,变革图强成为困厄时代的核心旋律。汉字繁难是阻碍教育普及的重要原因,选择表意或表音何种文字作为教育普及的基本工具、如何处理迫在眉睫的扫盲教育与渊懿浩博的国粹传承之间的矛盾关系成为考验民族智慧的重大历史抉择。“切音字运动”关于全民教育、实用教育、免费教育、强制教育、女子教育等颇富开创意义的先进理念,直接推动了近代教育的发展进程。在当前文化自信的宏观视域下,客观审视清末内忧外患悲惨际遇下的时代论断,具有重要的理论价值与实践价值。During the late Qing Dynasty,China faced existential threats from foreign powers,prompting a national push for reform and strengthening.Recognizing that the complexity of Chinese characters hindered educational accessibility,reformers debated whether to adopt ideographic or phonetic characters to facilitate widespread literacy.This debate highlighted a fundamental conflict between immediate educational needs and preserving China's rich cultural heritage.The Phonetic Alphabet Campaign introduced pioneering concepts such as universal education,pragmatic education,free education,compulsory education,and women's education,which significantly advanced modern educational development.Examining these historical choices from the perspective of contemporary cultural self-confidence provides valuable insights into the nation's strategies during a period marked by internal turmoil and foreign aggression.

关 键 词：“切音字运动” 汉字繁难 教育普及 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]