汉语揣度性与确定性推测副词并用现象研究  

A Study on the Co-occurrence of Chinese Possibility Modal Adverbs and Inevitability Modal Adverbs

作　　者：韩传瑜 潘玉坤[1] Han Chuanyu;Pan Yukun

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国文字研究与应用中心,上海200241

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（语言文字学）》2023年第8期85-97,共13页LINGUISTICS AND PHILOLOGY

摘　　要：揣度性与确定性推测副词并用一般被看作语病,然而古今汉语语料中存在大量并用的语言事实。从形式上看,两类副词并用时,揣度副词一般居前,确定副词居后,不在同一结构层次;从语义上看,两类副词并用倾向于表达高值认识情态。两者能够并用是因为在情态句中各自担当的功能不同:确定性推测副词指向命题,表示说话人认为命题必然或很可能为真;而揣度性推测副词指向言者,表示谦虚礼貌或显示非现实性主观认识的功能。It is generally believed that a sentence where a possibility modal adverb and an inevitability modal adverb co-occur is an ill-formed sentence.But the fact is that a great number of such sentences are found in ancient and modern Chinese corpus.Formally,when these two kinds of adverbs co-occur,the possibility modal adverb generally precedes the inevitability modal adverb and occurs in a different syntactic level.Semantically,the co-occurrence of these two adverbs tends to express the inevitability modality.The feasibility of such co-occurrence is resulted from their different functions in a modal sentence:The inevitability modal adverb points to the proposition indicating that the speaker has a high degree of certainty about the conjecture,while the possibility modal adverb points to the speaker expressing modesty and politeness or showing the function of subjective cognition.

关 键 词：认识情态 推测副词 情态副词 X必 

分 类 号：H146.2[语言文字—汉语]