甲状腺癌相关基因检测的研究进展  

Research progress in thyroid cancer related gene detection

作　　者：安文超 于文斌[2] AN Wenchao;YU Wenbin(Graduate School,Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010000,China;Head and Neck Surgery,Peking University Cancer Hospital-Inner Mongolia Hospital,Hohhot 010000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学研究生院,内蒙古呼和浩特010000 [2]北京大学肿瘤医院内蒙古医院头颈外科,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《中国肿瘤外科杂志》2024年第3期308-313,共6页Chinese Journal of Surgical Oncology

摘　　要：甲状腺癌是头颈外科最常见的恶性肿瘤,也是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤之一。部分类型的甲状腺癌手术治疗的效果不佳,放化疗的敏感性也较低,为寻找更好的治疗方案,近年来研究发现鼠类肉瘤滤过性毒菌致癌同源体B1(BRAF)、转染重排(RET/PTC)、端粒酶反转录酶(TERT)、肿瘤蛋白53(P53)、鼠肉瘤病毒(RAS)等基因的突变和重排是导致甲状腺癌发生发展的重要原因,可以通过相关基因检测来预测甲状腺癌的良恶性以及预后情况,并且可以帮助确定治疗靶点从而进一步使用靶向药物来治疗这一部分难治性甲状腺癌。了解甲状腺癌患者的基因突变情况,对于明确其发病机制、制定个体化治疗方案都有很重要的意义。文章对相关基因与癌症发生之间的关系以及基因的研究进展做了概述,旨在为甲状腺癌临床诊治提供参考。Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumour in head and neck surgery,as well as one of the most common endocrine malignancies.The effectiveness of surgical treatment for some types of thyroid cancer is not yet significant,and the sensitivity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is also low.In order to find better treatment options,recent researches have shown that mutations and rearrangements of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BARF),REarranged during Transfection(RET/PTC),telomerase reverse tran-scriptase(TERT),tumor protein 53(P53),mouse sarcoma virus(RAS)and other genes are the main factors leading to the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer.Related genetic testing can be used to predict the malignancy and prognosis of thyroid cancer,and can help identify treatment targets for further use of targeted drugs to treat this portion of refractory thyroid cancer.Familiarity with the genetic mutations in thyroid cancer patients is important for clarifying its pathogenesis and developing individualised treatment plans.This article provides an overview of the relationship between the relevant genes and cancer development as well as the research progress of the genes,aiming to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.

关 键 词：甲状腺癌 鼠类肉瘤滤过性毒菌致癌同源体B1 转染重排 端粒酶反转录酶 P53 鼠肉瘤病毒 

分 类 号：R736.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]