云南藏语语法格标记的结构与使用  

Structure and Practice of Grammatical Case Marking in Yunnan Tibetan

作　　者： Hiroyuki Suzuki

机构地区：[1]京都大学国际高等教育院,日本京都606-8501

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（语言文字学）》2023年第12期82-90,共9页LINGUISTICS AND PHILOLOGY

基　　金：日本学术振兴会科学研究费补助金若手研究A“阐明藏文化圈东部的未描述语言及其地理语言学研究”(17H04774);国家社会科学基金青年项目“滇西北藏语方言语法接触研究”(22CYY045)。

摘　　要：本文以云南迪庆藏语香格里拉方言温的土话为例,对其语法格标记的结构类型进行简要描写。首先介绍藏语支语言语法格范畴的基本情况,提出以动词所支配的论元数和共现的语法格标记为标准的归纳分类法;然后,选择香格里拉方言不下辖的三个方言点(吹亚顶、嘎嘎塘、斯嘎),对其语法格标记进行描写。本文认为,香格里拉方言火的语法格大致包含通格、作格、与格等,其中作格、与格都为可选性标记,其用法受语用因素影响;同时,每个动词都对应于特定的语法格标记框架,能否带作格或与格标记受动词词干制约。This article provides a brief description of the grammatical marking structure of varieties of the Sems-kyinyila dialect group of Khams Tibetan in Diqing Municipality,Yunnan Province.First,the grammatical structure of the Tibetic languages is presented,classified in terms of the number of arguments and grammatical markers required by the verb.Second,the grammatical markers are described across the three varieties in Yunnan Tibetan:Choswateng,Zhollam,and Sakar.The framework of the grammatical case marking in Yunnan Tibetan are in most cases three:absolutive,ergative,and dative.Of them,the ergative and the dative are highly optional and are omitted depending on the pragmatic criterion.Every verb has a framework of case marking;hence,it depends on each verb stem whether or not the ergative and dative markings are potential.

关 键 词：语法格 论元 香格里拉方言群 可选性 语用因素 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]