基于遥感融合数据的风化壳型铝土矿矿化异常提取研究—以柬埔寨森莫诺隆地区为例  

A research on extracting mineralization anomalies of weathering crust bauxite based on remote sensing fusion data:taking the Sammonolong area of Cambodia as an example

作　　者：沈杜衡 刘严松[1,2] 刘琦 赖思翰 何星慧 Mayada Jamal 何博宇 沈茜 SHEN Duheng;LIU Yansong;LIU Qi;LAI Sihan;HE Xinghui;Mayada Jamal;HE Boyu;SHEN Qian(Chengdu University of Technology,Key Laboratory of Tectonic Mineralization and Accumulation,Ministry of Natural Resources,Chengdu 610059,China;Chengdu University of Technology,Key Laboratory of Earth Exploration and Information Technology,Ministry of Education,Chengdu 610059,China;Sichuan Sumhope Spatial Technology Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610094,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学自然资源部构造成矿成藏重点实验室,成都610059 [2]成都理工大学地球勘探与信息技术教育部重点实验室,成都610059 [3]四川三合空间科技有限公司,成都610094

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2024年第4期481-489,共9页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：四川省自然资源厅基金(KJ2016-16);中国石油碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室开放基金(2022JS2383);四川省教育厅基金(18ZB0065);国家自然科学基金(41402159);中国地质调查局地调项目(DD20221697)

摘　　要：铝的工业用途广泛,铝土矿是全球化背景下的重要战略资源,对于我国国民经济的发展起着关键性的作用。风化壳型铝土矿的分布由于与地形地貌、岩性、地质构造关系密切,遥感技术在其勘探中的应用越来越广。如何综合各类遥感数据的优势进行控矿因素及蚀变信息提取也成为风化壳型铝土找矿勘探工作中探讨的重点。笔者在风化型铝土矿地质特征及控矿因素分析的基础上,以柬埔寨蒙多基里省森莫诺隆地区为研究区,选择“珠海一号”OHS高光谱数据与Landsat-8多光谱数据进行预处理和数据融合,采用主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis)方法进行研究区铝土矿化异常信息提取,分析铝土矿异常信息的波谱特征及其找矿指示意义,筛选铝土矿化异常信息,并进行分级显示。研究结果显示:(1)采用高光谱与多光谱遥感数据融合能够依据控矿要素特征进行与成矿物质类型及空间形态特征相关异常信息的提取,融合数据不仅弥补了所选高光谱数据波段范围有限的缺点,而且还保留了较高空间分辨率和光谱分辨率的优势;(2)基于融合高光谱与多光谱数据所提取的遥感异常信息与区内玄武岩及其风化物、地形地貌的空间展布特征高度相关,筛选的铝土矿化异常分布范围主要集中在区内铝土矿的露天开采区及邻近区域;(3)综合异常与已知矿(床)点重合度较高,并与风化壳型铝土矿的岩性、地形地貌等主要控矿因素的空间相关性强。研究成果有利于找矿靶区圈定和综合异常潜力区的筛选,对境外同类型铝土矿的早期勘探和靶区快速优选具有技术支撑作用。Aluminum has a wide range of industrial uses.Bauxite is an essential strategic resource in the background of globalization and plays a crucial role in the development of our national economy.Because the distribution of weathering crust bauxite is closely related to topography,lithology,and geological structure,remote sensing technology is being applied more and more widely in its exploration.How to synthesize the advantages of all kinds of remote sensing data to extract ore-controlling factors and alteration information has also become the focus of weathering crust type bauxite exploration work.Based on the analysis of geological characteristics and ore-controlling factors of weathered bauxite,this paper selected the Semonolong area of south-eastern Cambodia as the research area and selected the OHS hyperspectral data of“Zhuhai No.1”and Landsat-8 multispectral data for preprocessing and data fusion.The Principal Component Analysis method was used to extract the abnormal information of bauxite mineralization in the study area,analyze the spectral characteristics of the abnormal information of bauxite and its prospecting indication significance,screen the abnormal information of bauxite mineralization,and carry out hierarchical display.Results show:①Using high spectral and multi-spectral remote sensing data fusion can according to the characteristics of ore-controlling factors and metallogenic material type and space characteristics related to abnormal information extraction,fusion data not only make up for the selected band limited range of hyperspectral data but also retain the advantages of high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution;②The remote sensing anomaly information extracted based on the fusion of hyperspectral and multispectral data is highly correlated with the spatial distribution characteristics of the basalt and its weathering,topography and geomorphology in the area;The abnormal distribution range of bauxite mineralization is mainly concentrated in the open-cut and adjacent areas o

关 键 词：主成分分析 铝土矿 蚀变异常 数据融合 高光谱数据 

分 类 号：P627[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]