采前处理对番茄采后保鲜效果影响的研究进展  

Research progresses on the effects of preharvest treatments on postharvest preservation of tomatoes

作　　者：徐竞成 周洪 XU Jingcheng;ZHOU Hong(Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taizhou 318014,Zhejiang,China;Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Jiaojiang District Economic Crops and Agricultural Technology Promotion Station of Taizhou City,Taizhou 318000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市农业科学研究院,浙江台州318014 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081 [3]台州市椒江区经济作物技术推广站,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2024年第7期8-19,共12页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：台州市农业科技项目(202202)。

摘　　要：番茄果实风味独特,营养丰富,深受消费者青睐。但是,番茄果实果皮较薄、果肉柔嫩,致使成熟果实货架期较短。采前侵染性病害采后防控难,绝大部分采后致病菌早在生产阶段便已侵染番茄果实,并潜伏其中,当果实在采收、贮藏、运输、销售等环节发生机械损伤时,这些病原菌便开始二次侵染果实,引发病理性腐烂,致使果实彻底失去商品性,因此采前防控十分关键。此外,采前处理广泛影响采后生理,进而影响果实货架期。目前,仅凭采后处理已无法完全满足现阶段番茄产业的发展需求,因此,采前处理逐渐受到关注。笔者就近年来国内外有关采前化学防治、生物防治和物理防治三方面处理提高番茄采后品质和延长货架期的研究进行综述,并根据研究现状提出展望,以期为未来番茄采前保鲜处理技术的研究、应用和发展提供参考。Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)has a unique flavor and rich nutrition,which is highly favored by consumers.However,mature tomatoes have a lower shelf life due to their soft flesh and thin peel.Preharvest infectious diseases are difficult to prevent and control after harvest.The vast majority of postharvest pathogens have already infected tomato fruits as early as the production stage and remained quiescent.When mechanical damage occurs in the fruits during harvesting,storage,transportation,and sales,these pathogens begin to infect fruits,causing pathological decay and complete loss of commercial value.Therefore,preharvest prevention and control are crucial.In addition,preharvest treatments widely affect postharvest physiology,which in turn affect the shelf life of fruits.At present,relying solely on postharvest technology is not enough to fulfill the development needs of the current tomato industry,therefore,preharvest treatments are gradually receiving attention.This article reviews the research on improving the postharvest quality and shelf life of tomatoes through preharvest chemical control,biological control,and physical measures both domestically and internationally in recent years.Based on the current research status,prospects are proposed to provide reference for the future research,application,and development of tomato preharvest preservation treatment technology.

关 键 词：番茄 采前处理 采后生理 侵染性病害 抗性诱导 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]