基于EEMD-HHT的边坡爆破振动信号分析  

Analysis of Slope Blasting Vibration Signals Based on EEMD-HHT

作　　者：薛睿 高文学[1] 梅敏 张小军[1] 张军灵 Xue Rui;Gao Wenxue;Mei Min;Zhang Xiaojun;Zhang Junling(Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;China Communication Beijing-Hebei Construction and Development(Hebei)Co.,Ltd.,Chengde 067100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,北京100124 [2]中交京冀建设开发(河北)有限公司,河北承德067100

出　　处：《市政技术》2024年第7期101-108,共8页Journal of Municipal Technology

基　　金：北京市博士后工作经费资助项目(2022-ZZ-100)。

摘　　要：爆破工程所处的环境一般复杂多变,爆破振动信号大多呈现瞬时非平稳性特征。因此,为了准确分析爆破振动的信号特征以及传播规律,以首都环线高速公路承平段路基爆破工程为背景,通过引入EEMD分解方法,解决了传统EMD分解方法存在模态混叠的不足;结合HHT变换,对承平段典型路堑边坡岩体爆破振动信号进行了分析。研究结果表明:采用EEMD分解方法提取爆破振动信号中主要的IMF能量层,并对振动信号进行重构,可以达到良好的去噪效果;对施工现场爆破振动信号进行主成分分析、提取之后,瞬时能量和质点振速曲线整体平滑度显著提高,振动信号主成分提取效果良好;Hilbert能量谱可以清晰地体现时间、频率与能量三者之间的关系,展现出了爆破振动信号的时频特性和传播规律;测点振动主频主要分布在10~40 Hz的频率段范围内,近似呈现出随着传播距离的增加而衰减、随着距离的增加衰减幅度减弱的趋势。该分析成果对边坡稳定性分析和邻近建筑物的安全控制具有重要的现实意义。The blasting engineering environment is generally complex and variable,and the blasting vibration signals mostly exhibit instantaneous non-stationary characteristics.In order to accurately analyze the signal characteristics and propagation laws of blasting vibration,the roadbed blasting project of the Chengping section of the Ring Expressway in Beijing was taken as an example.The shortcomings of modal mixing in traditional EMD decomposition methods is solved by introducing the EEMD decomposition method;Combining with HHT transformation,the blasting vibration signals of typical cutting slopes was analyzed in Chengping section.The research results indicate that the main IMF energy layers was extracted from blasting vibration signals and the vibration signals was reconstructed by the EEMD method,which can achieve good denoising effects;After the analysis and extraction of principal component of the blasting vibration signals at the construction site,the overall smoothness of the instantaneous energy and particle velocity curves was significantly improved,and the extraction effect of signal principal component was good;The Hilbert energy spectrum can clearly reflect the relationship among time,frequency,and energy to demonstrate the time-frequency characteristics and propagation laws of blasting vibration signals;The main frequency of vibration at measuring points was mainly distributed in the frequency range of 10~40 Hz,showing an approximate trend of attenuation with increasing propagation distance,and the attenuation amplitude becomes weaker with increase of distance.It has important practical significance for the stability analysis of road cutting slopes and the safety control of adjacent buildings.

关 键 词：路堑边坡 爆破振动 信号去噪 EEMD-HHT变换 频谱特性 

分 类 号：U416.14[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]