跨越式膜上对行覆土装置设计与覆土性能研究  

Design and performance study of leaping-over type soil covering device on film

作　　者：刘泉东 孙伟 张华 刘小龙 李辉 王虎存 LIU Quandong;SUN Wei;ZHANG Hua;LIU Xiaolong;LI Hui;WANG Hucun(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Agricultural Machinery Branch of Longxi County Vocational and Technical School,Longxi 748100,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]陇西县职业技术学校农机分校,甘肃陇西748100

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第5期1173-1184,共12页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52165028,51765004);甘肃省科技重大专项(22ZD6 NA046);甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划(2022CYZC-42)。

摘　　要：针对西北寒旱区马铃薯全膜覆盖种行覆土栽培农艺要求,研制一种跨越式膜上对行覆土装置。解析跨越式提土装置和侧向对行覆土装置作业机理,确定了各个部件的核心作业参数。运用离散单元法(DEM)进行了对行覆土仿真试验,结合Box-Behnken试验设计原理,采用三因素三水平响应曲面法,建立了覆土宽度和覆土厚度的回归模型,优化得到跨越式膜上对行覆土装置的最优作业参数组合为螺旋输土器转速135 r·min^(-1),覆土器开口长度100 mm,覆土器离地高度为233 mm。田间试验表明,设计的跨越式对行覆土装置满足马铃薯种植农艺要求,马铃薯幼苗自然出苗率达到92.5%,同时烧苗率为7%。According to the agronomic requirements of potato cultivation with full film mulching and soil covering on film in the cold and dry regions of Northwest China,a leaping-over type soil covering device was designed.The discrete element method(DEM)was used to conduct soil cover simulation experiments.Based on the Box-Behnken experimental design principle,a regression model for soil cover width and soil cover thickness was established using the three factor and three level response surface method.The optimal operating parameter combination for the leaping-over soil covering device was optimized as follows:the rotational speed of the screw conveyor was 135 r·min^(-1),the opening length of the soil cover was 100 mm,and the height of the soil cover from the ground was 233 mm.Field experiments have shown that the natural seedling emergence rate of potato reached 92.5%,and the seedling burning rate was 7%.

关 键 词：马铃薯 对行覆土 侧向输土 全膜覆盖 

分 类 号：S223[农业科学—农业机械化工程]