马嘉理之死:“滇案”后的信息传播与英帝国的公众情感  

The Death of Margary:The Circulation of Information after the Yunnan Affair and the British Empire's Public Mind

作　　者：马玺 Ma Xi

机构地区：[1]湖南大学岳麓书院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2024年第5期111-125,128,共16页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“英属印度在华科学调查研究(1858-1947)”(项目编号:23CSS029)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：1875年的“滇案”导致了中英之间的外交震动,相关信息的传播也引起了英国公众的关注。事件发生之后,以《泰唔士报》和《北华捷报》为代表的英国控制报刊利用相关信息参与对此事件的书写和讨论,重新定义马嘉理的个人身份,发掘并强调了他的“公共”角色,把他的死亡置于帝国的事业之中。其中,英国公众的个人经验、社会记忆和情感表达都参与到对马嘉理之死的想象和建构之中,将马嘉理的死定义为“谋杀”,视其为中国野蛮性和中英文明冲突带来的悲剧性结果。在传播史和情感史的视域中,围绕马嘉理之死的信息传播和流通、个人情感和经验的公开和分享汇聚成了公众情感,不仅展示了19世纪末英国公众对帝国事业的关注和认同,更反映了帝国主义时代中英之间的权力关系。The Yunnan Affair of 1875 led to a diplomatic crisis between China and Britain.The dissemination of related information also drew the attention of the British public.Immediately after its occurrence,the British-controlled press,represented by The Times and The North China Herald,used the information to participate in the writing and discussion of the incident,redefined Augustus Margary's personal identity,uncovered and spotlighted his"public"role,and placed his death within the British imperial cause.Personal experiences,social memories,and emotional expressions in the British public were all involved in imagining and constructing the death of Margary,serving to define it as a"murder"and a tragic result of the barbarousness of China and its clash with the English civilization.From the perspectives of communication history and the history of emotions,the dissemination and circulation of information about Margary's death,and the publicizing and sharing of personal feelings and experiences surrounding his death converged.Together they formed the public mind.This not only demonstrated the British public's concern for and identification with the British imperial cause at the end of the nineteenth century but also reflected the power relationship between China and Britain during the age of imperialism.

关 键 词：滇案 马嘉理 中英关系 情感史 英帝国 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]