果实膨大期不同浓度GA_(3)处理对大红袍花椒果实品质影响  

Effect of GA_(3) Treatment with Different Concentrations on Fruit Quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim."Dahongpao"During Fruit Expansion Period

作　　者：卢红 吴丽 孙玲 付满意 LU Hong;WU Li;SUN Ling;FU Manyi;无(Xinyang Pingqiao District Forestry Technology Extension Station,Xinyang,Henan 464000,China;State-owned Forest Farm Xinyang Pingqiao District Tianmu Mountain Forest Farm,Xinyang,Henan 464000,China;Academy of Forestry,Xinyang Agricultural and Forestry University,Xinyang,Henan 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳市平桥区林业技术服务中心,河南信阳464000 [2]国有林场信阳市平桥区天目山林场,河南信阳464000 [3]信阳农林学院林学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第6期38-43,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：信阳农林学院青年教师科研基金项目(20200112)。

摘　　要：施加GA_(3)等植物生长调节剂已成为提高果实品质的重要栽培管理手段,但施加GA_(3)对花椒果实品质的影响目前仍不清楚。为研究不同浓度GA_(3)处理在果实膨大期对大红袍花椒果实的外在品质和内在品质的影响,筛选出最优GA_(3)喷施浓度。选择大红袍花椒为研究对象,在花椒果实膨大期喷施浓度为25 mg/L,50 mg/L,75 mg/L和100 mg/L的GA_(3),待果实成熟采收后,分别测定果粒的纵径、横径、百粒重、果皮油囊数量、总挥发油、酰胺类化合物、不挥发性乙醚萃取物以及总黄酮指标。结果表明,坐果期喷施75 mg/L GA_(3)时综合效果最好,果实纵径,横径,百粒重以及果皮油囊数量4项外在品质指标分别提升14%、11%、12%和35%。果皮总挥发油、麻味物质、不挥发性乙醚萃取物和总黄酮4项内在品质指标会显著提升33%、27%、13%和11%。本研究筛选出了提升花椒果实品质的最佳GA_(3)处理浓度,为花椒栽培管理提供了新的见解和思路。Application of plant growth regulators such as GA_(3) has become an important cultivation management tool to improve fruit quality,but the effect of GA_(3) application on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim."Dahongpao"fruit quality is still unclear.In order to investigate the effect of different GA_(3) concentrations on the external and internal quality of"Dahongpao"fruits during fruit expansion,the optimum GA_(3) spraying concentration was selected.The fruit were sprayed at 25 mg/L,50 mg/L,75 mg/L and 100 mg/L during fruit set.After harvesting,the longitudinal and transverse diameters,the weight of 100 grains,the number of pericarp oil capsules,the total volatile oil,the amide compounds,the non-volatile ether extract and the total flavonoids were measured.The results showed that the best overall results were obtained when 75 mg/L GA_(3) was sprayed at fruit set,and the four external quality indicators,namely longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,100 grain weight and number of oil capsules on the fruit skin,were improved by 14%,11%,12%and 35%respectively.The four intrinsic quality indicators,namely total peel volatile oil,pineness,non-volatile ether extract and total flavonoids,were significantly improved by 33%,27%,13%and 11%respectively.This study screened out the optimal GA_(3) treatment concentration for enhancing"Dahongpao"fruit quality,providing new insights and ideas for"Dahongpao"cultivation management.

关 键 词：赤霉素 大红袍花椒 外在品质 内在品质 

分 类 号：S573[农业科学—作物学]