生态毯不同上层承载材料对土壤水分及植物生长的影响  

Effects of different upper bearing materials of eco-blanket on soil moisture regime and plant growth

作　　者：赵仲鹤 涂盼盼 陈欢 邹炎 宋慧平 冯政君 ZHAO Zhonghe;TU Panpan;CHEN Huan;ZOU Yan;SONG Huiping;FENG Zhengjun(Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanxi University,030006,Taiyuan,China;Shanxi Dadi Eco-Environment Technology Institute Co.,Ltd.,030032,Taiyuan,China;Shanxi Qinghuan Nengchuang Environmental Protection Technology Company Limited,030032,Taiyuan,China;Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Resource Efficiency Enhancing and Carbon Emission Reduction in Yellow River Basin,030006,Taiyuan,China;Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River,030006,Taiyuan,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学资源与环境工程研究所,太原030006 [2]山西大地生态环境技术研究院有限公司,太原030032 [3]山西清环能创环境科技有限公司,太原030032 [4]黄河流域资源增效减碳教育部工程研究中心,太原030006 [5]山西省黄河实验室,太原030006

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2024年第3期129-135,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山西省黄河实验室科技攻关项目“固废基土壤改良剂(DCOF)协同菌根菌剂(AMF)改良矿区土壤的技术开发”(YR L-202104);山西省重点研发计划国际科技合作项目“菌根复合固废多孔材料修复污染土壤技术及应用”(201903D421002);吕梁市科技计划项目“农田土壤中AMF“释磷固碳”技术的开发及应用”(2022NYGG04)。

摘　　要：生态毯是一种使用便捷的边坡修复材料,但因承载材料的限制,实际应用中植被恢复效果差。为提高生态毯的性能,比较纤维纸、薄无纺布、厚无纺布、针织布4种不同上层承载材料对边坡植物生长状况、水分入渗率以及土壤含水率等指标的作用差异。结果表明:种植30 d后,植物生长指标表现为针织布组>薄无纺布组>纤维纸组>厚无纺布组;坡面水分入渗量表现为针织布组(0.52 L)>纤维纸组(0.47 L)>薄无纺布(0.44 L)>厚无纺布(0.41 L);24 h内土壤含水率降低率表现为厚无纺布组(12.7%)<薄无纺布组(16.2%)<针织布组(17.2%)<纤维纸组(28.4%)。针织布在水分入渗、减少蒸发方面表现良好,也不会阻碍植物出苗,植被恢复情况最佳,是一种较为理想的上层承载材料,可以替代传统的无纺布,改善生态毯的性能。[Background]Eco-blanket,a convenient material for the restoration of mining area,can control soil erosion and reduce water evaporation.Traditional eco-blanket generally use non-woven fabrics as the upper bearing material.The non-woven fabrics can effectively bear the substrate of eco-blanket and prevent soil erosion,but sometimes it will impede the water infiltration and plant germination.Therefore,it is necessary to find a substitute for the non-woven fabric as the upper bearing material to improve the performance of eco-blanket in mining area restoration.[Methods]A greenhouse experiment was conducted to compare the performances of four different upper bearing materials(fiber paper,thin non-woven fabric,thick non-woven fabric and knitted fabric)in affecting plant growth,water infiltration rate and soil water content.Bermuda(Cynodon dactylon)grass was planted in a plastic slope with a length of 50 cm,a width of 25 cm and a height of 10 cm for 30 d.The plant growth indexes(vegetation coverage,plant height,plant density and aboveground biomass),the water infiltration rates and changes of soil moisture were detected regularly.[Results]1)After 30 d of planting,the hierarchy of plant growth indexes was observed as follows:the knitted fabric group showcased superior plant growth and demonstrated the most even distribution of plants on the slope,followed by the thin non-woven fabric group,the fiber paper group,and lastly,the thick non-woven fabric group.2)At the day 30,the descending order of infiltration levels was the knitted fabric group leading with 0.52 L,then the fiber paper group at 0.47 L,followed by the thin non-woven fabric at 0.44 L,and finally the thick non-woven fabric at 0.41 L.Compared to the day 10,these values increasedby 18.0%,14.3%,17.5%and 17.9%,respectively.3)Within 24 h,soil moisture content for each treatment decreased progressively over time.The fiber paper group,in particular,recorded a significantly lower soil moisture content than the other three groups.The fiber paper group experienced a 28.4

关 键 词：生态毯 承载材料 植被恢复 土壤水分状况 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]