不合逻辑“是”字句:准空缺的视角  

A pseudo-gapping approach to the illogical shi ‘be’ construction in Chinese

作　　者：叶狂 YE Kuang

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2024年第3期323-335,共13页Chinese Teaching in the World

摘　　要：汉语的不合逻辑“是”字句(如“他是个日本女人”)如何分析,学界一直有争议。文章通过讨论该句式的三个核心特征“对比性、动词还原解读、肯定式可以表达否定义”,认为应该把它分析为准空缺句。该句式的不合逻辑性和三个特征都与这一“准空缺”结构有关。这一视角不但比前人的解释更合理,覆盖更多语言事实,还能更好解释汉语和英语相关句式的差异,给跨语言句法多样性研究带来启示。In Mandarin Chinese,no consensus has been reached on the analysis of the so-called semantically illogical shi ‘be' sentences(SISSs),such as Ta shi ge Riben nüren(literally ‘He is a Japanese woman').This paper argues that a pseudo-gapping approach can better account for all the three properties exhibited in SISSs,namely,contrastive reading,verbal interpretation,and negative accommodation in affirmatives.As the pseudo-gapping construction is a hybrid of VP-ellipsis and the gapping construction,all the properties of SISSs are actually inherited from the two original constructions.This account is not only superior to previous analyses in explanatory power but also facilitates a comparison between Chinese and English in terms of pseudo-gapping constructions,thereby shedding some light on the study of syntactic diversity cross-linguistically.

关 键 词：省略 形义错配 焦点 转喻 延指等同句 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]