青台遗址出土动物遗存的碳氮稳定同位素分析  

Stable Isotope Analysis of the Relationship Between Humans and Animals at the Qingtai Site

作　　者：白倩 吕鹏[1] 顾万发 魏青利 吴倩 陈相龙[1] BAI Qian

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京100101 [2]郑州市文物局,河南郑州450006 [3]郑州市文物考古研究院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《中原文物》2024年第3期54-61,共8页Cultural Relics of Central China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“文化科技与现代服务业”重点专项“中国北方旱作农业起源、形成与发展研究(一期)”(项目编号:2022YFF0903500);国家社科基金项目“郑州地区仰韶文化中晚期畜牧业的动物考古学研究”(项目批准号:21BKG041);国家社科基金重大项目“陶寺遗址考古发掘研究报告(2012—2021)”子课题“资源与生业研究”(项目批准号:22&ZD242)的资助。

摘　　要：本文以郑州地区荥阳市青台遗址出土的动物遗存为研究对象,选取5例狗、20例猪、12例鹿科动物、4例圣水牛共计41例动物骨骼进行碳氮稳定同位素分析,旨在揭示该遗址出土的家养和野生动物的食谱特征,以深入探讨青台先民与家养和野生动物的关系以及该遗址生业经济的发展状况。研究发现,青台遗址先民主要用粟、黍及其副产品和残羹冷炙喂养猪和狗,有一部分野猪与人类关系密切,食物以C4类植物为主,可能是被人类捕获之后进行喂养的野猪,或可能是返野的家猪。圣水牛食物结构中存在较高比例的C4类植物,不排除食用了粟、黍等农副产品的可能性,可能受到人类行为的影响。由青台遗址的个案结合以往的研究表明中原地区仰韶文化时期农作物是家畜主要的食物来源,先民种植农作物和饲养家畜的生产活动共同发展,同时先民也加强了对野生动物资源的利用,这一阶段生业经济的兴盛为社会不断向复杂化发展提供重要的经济基础。In order to deeply understand the relationship between human and animals under the background of social complexity during the Yangshao period in Central Plains,we carried out carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis on the animal bones unearthed from the Qingtai site in Xingyang City,Zhengzhou.A total of 41 groups of animal bones were selected in this study,including 5 dogs,20 pigs,12 deers and 4 Bubalus Mephistopheles.The isotopic data shows that pigs and dogs also display close relationship with millet agriculture,whose fodder mainly came from the millet straw,grain chaff,and human leftovers.Some of the wild pigs are closely related to human beings,and there are more C4 plants in their food,which may be the wild boar foraging in human living areas,or the domestic pigs returning to the wild.There are a high proportion of C4 plants in food structure of the Bubalus Mephistopheles.The reason needs to be further discussed.It does not rule out the possibility of eating millet and other agricultural and sideline products,which may be affected by human behavior.

关 键 词：青台遗址 动物遗存 碳氮稳定同位素 生业经济 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]