色差对星敏感器成像模型参数影响分析与补偿  

Analysis and compensation of the influence of chromatic aberration on the imaging model parameters of star sensors

作　　者：牛延召 魏新国[1] 李健[1] NIU Yanzhao;WEI Xinguo;LI Jian(School of Instrumental Science and Opto-electronics Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2024年第6期186-193,共8页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFA0706002)。

摘　　要：星敏感器在投入使用之前需要对其进行标定以获取准确的成像模型参数值来保证姿态测量精度。现有标定方法采用单一谱段光源模拟恒星成像未考虑恒星光谱特性,色差导致标定的模型参数值和真实值存在差异。为提高模型参数准确度,首先建立了光谱差异下星敏感器恒星成像模型,进一步分析了色差对不同光谱型恒星成像模型参数的影响。在此基础上,提出采用三个典型谱段模拟恒星成像,利用三谱段成像位置信息来推算不同光谱型恒星在星敏感器工作谱段范围内成像位置,以实现对任意光谱型恒星成像模型参数的补偿。实验结果表明:相对于现有利用单一谱段标定参数测量的星角距,该补偿方法测量的星角距均方根误差降低了40.81%,有效减小了色差对星矢量测量的影响。Objective Star sensors serve as crucial tools for providing high-precision three-axis attitude information for various spacecraft,relying on stars as their reference points.To ensure the accuracy of star sensor attitude measurements,calibration is essential to obtain precise imaging model parameter values.However,stars can be divided into different spectral types,each representing unique radiation characteristics.Current laboratory calibration methods commonly employ a single spectral band to simulate star imaging for parameter calibration,neglecting the spectral diversity of stars.Due to the disparity between the energy distribution of the single spectral band and the actual stellar spectral distribution,chromatic aberration leads to differences between the model parameter values obtained using the existing single spectral band calibration and the true values,thereby impacting on the accuracy of star sensor attitude measurement.Since complete elimination of lens chromatic aberration is unfeasible,this paper proposes a parameter compensation method for star sensor imaging models based on the spectral characteristics of stars.This approach aims to improve the accuracy of model parameters and reduce the impact of chromatic aberration on star vector measurement,thus improving the measurement accuracy of star sensors.Methods The article first establishes a star sensor imaging model under spectral differences,and further analyses how chromatic aberration affects the imaging model parameters for stars of varying spectral types.These analyses reveal that different spectral types of stars correspond to distinct imaging model parameters.Based on the established model mentioned and the theoretical analysis above,the article abandons the original method of simulating stellar imaging with a single wavelength.Instead,it proposes using three typical spectral bands to simulate stellar imaging,and calculate the imaging positions of stars with different spectral types using information from these three spectral bands.By collectin

关 键 词：星敏感器 参数补偿 成像建模 色差 标定 恒星光谱 

分 类 号：V448.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]