女性青少年抑郁障碍患者自杀行为态度的影响因素研究  

Influencing factors of suicide behavior attitudes in female adolescents with depressive disorder

作　　者：刘伟 梁坤 郭小兵[1] 刘瑞 赵嘉玮 潘园 李影 Liu Wei;Liang Kun;Guo Xiaobing;Liu Rui;Zhao Jiawei;Pan Yuan;Li Ying(Department of Psychiatry,Wuhu Hospital,Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University&the Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu,Wuhu 241002,China;School of Graduate,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院芜湖医院、芜湖市第四人民医院精神科,241002 [2]皖南医学院研究生学院,芜湖241002

出　　处：《神经疾病与精神卫生》2024年第6期388-393,共6页Journal of Neuroscience and Mental Health

基　　金：芜湖市卫生健康委科研项目(WHWJ2021y076)。

摘　　要：目的 研究女性青少年抑郁障碍患者对自杀行为态度的影响因素。方法 采用方便抽样法,选取2021年6月—2023年4月在芜湖市第四人民医院门诊就诊或住院的170例女性青少年抑郁障碍患者为研究对象。采用自编调查问卷、17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、自杀态度问卷(QSA)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)及父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)分别调查患者的一般资料、抑郁严重程度、自杀态度、生活事件遭遇情况和父母教养方式。采用Spearman相关分析患者对自杀行为态度与各变量的相关性,采用多重线性回归分析患者对自杀行为态度的影响因素。结果 本研究共回收有效问卷156份,有效回收率为91.76%。父亲学历不同和半年内是否有自杀行为患者的QSA-对自杀行为态度评分比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=8.447、-4.455;P<0.05)。患者的QSA-对自杀行为态度评分与HDMD-17、ASLEC-人际关系、ASLEC-学习压力、ASLEC-受惩罚、ASLEC-健康适应、ASLEC-其他、EMBU-父亲惩罚与严厉、EMBU-父亲过分干涉、EMBU-父亲拒绝与否认、EMBU-母亲惩罚与严厉、EMBU-母亲过分干涉、EMBU-母亲偏爱评分呈负相关(r=-0.425~-0.183,P<0.05),与QSA-对自杀者态度、QSA-对安乐死态度、EMBU-父亲情感温暖与理解、EMBU-母亲情感温暖与理解评分呈正相关(r=0.180~0.459,P<0.05)。HDMD-17、ASLEC-受惩罚、EMBU-父亲过分干涉、QSA-对自杀者态度、QSA-对安乐死态度、EMBU-母亲情感温暖评分是女性青少年抑郁障碍患者对自杀行为态度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 抑郁严重程度、对自杀者的态度、对安乐死的态度、受惩罚、父亲过分干涉、母亲情感温暖是女性青少年抑郁障碍患者自杀行为态度的影响因素。Objective To explore the influencing factors of suicide behavior attitudes among female adolescents with depressive disorder.Methods From June 2021 to April 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 170 female adolescents with depressive disorder who received outpatient or inpatient treatment at the Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu as research subjects.The self-designed questionnaire,17-Item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD-17),Suicide Attitude Questionnaire(QSA),Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist(ASLEC),and the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran(EMBU)were used to investigate general information,depressive disorder,suicide behavior attitude,life event experiences,and parenting styles,respectively.Spearman correlation was used to examine the correlation between patient suicide behavior attitudes and various variables,and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of suicide behavior attitudes.Results A total of 156 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective response rate of 91.76%. There was a statistically significant difference in the QSA-attitude towards suicide behavior scoresof patients with different educational backgrounds of fathers and those with suicidal behavior within six months(Z=8.447, -4.455;P < 0.05). The QSA-attitude towards suicide behavior score of patients was negativelycorrelated with scores HDMD-17, ASLEC-interpersonal relationship, ASLEC-learning pressure, ASLECpunishment, ASLEC-health adaptation, ASLEC-others, EMBU-father punishment and harshness, EMBUfather overinvolvement, EMBU-father rejection, EMBU-mother punishment and harshness, EMBU-motheroverinvolvement, EMBU-mother favoritism (r=-0.425 to -0.183, P < 0.05), and was positively associatedwith scores of QSA-attitude towards suicide, QSA-attitude towards euthanasia, EMBU-father emotional warmthand understanding, EMBU-mother emotional warmth and understanding (r=0.180 to 0.459, P < 0.05), andthe differences were statistically significant. HDMD-17, ASLEC-punishment, EMBU-father ove

关 键 词：青少年 抑郁障碍 自杀态度 影响因素 女性 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]