基于传统品质评价的野生与栽培赤芍比较  

Comparison of Wild and Cultivated Paeoniae Radix Rubra Based on Traditional Quality Evaluation

作　　者：田春芳 胡倩南 詹志来 兰晓燕 李翔 周利[2] 南铁贵[2] 邱子栋 康利平[1,2] TIAN Chunfang;HU Qiannan;ZHAN Zhilai;LAN Xiaoyan;LI Xiang;ZHOU Li;NAN Tiegui;QIU Zidong;KANG Liping(Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),Tianjin 301617,China;National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Institute of TCM Health Industry,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,天津301617 [2]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,北京100700 [3]中国中医科学院中医药健康产业研究所,南昌330000

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2024年第14期165-174,共10页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A04504,CI2021A05206,CI2023E002,CI2021A04007);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302-2205-03);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZZ15-WT-04)。

摘　　要：目的:从性状特征、显微特征、初生与次生代谢产物含量测定3个方面,对野生与栽培赤芍进行对比研究。方法:收集17批野生赤芍和9批栽培赤芍,使用游标卡尺及天平测量其性状数据,番红固绿染色法制作石蜡切片并观察显微特征,按照2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》通则2201浸出物测定法和通则2202鞣质含量测定法,分别测定醇溶性浸出物和总鞣制含量,苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量,蒽酮比色法测定淀粉含量,范氏洗涤纤维分析法测定纤维类成分含量,超高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法(UPLC-ELSD)测定果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量,UPLC测定次生代谢物(没食子酸、没食子酸甲酯、儿茶素、氧化芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、芍药苷、鞣花酸、1,2,3,6-四没食子酰葡萄糖、没食子酰芍药苷、1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖、柚皮素、苯甲酰芍药苷、苯甲酰芍药内酯苷)含量;结合主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)对野生和栽培赤芍的各项含量测定数据进行分析,以变量重要性投影(VIP)值>1、P<0.05为标准,确定不同要素对两者差异的贡献。结果:性状方面,野生赤芍呈现传统总结的“糟皮粉碴”特征,其外皮疏松易脱落,表面有纵沟及皱纹,而栽培赤芍外皮不易脱落,表面较为光滑;野生赤芍断面木质部放射状纹理更明显,呈菊花心,空泡且裂隙较多,栽培赤芍断面木质部放射状状纹理不明显,致密,个别存在裂隙。显微方面,野生赤芍较栽培赤芍木质部放射状导管排列数更多,韧皮部和木质部的草酸钙簇晶数量在野生赤芍中较多,而淀粉粒数量在栽培赤芍中明显增多。初生化学成分含量方面,栽培赤芍的多糖、淀粉含量明显高于野生赤芍(P<0.05),纤维素、木质素、果糖、葡萄糖含量在野生赤芍中明显高于栽培赤芍(P<0.05)。13种次生代谢产物含量测定结果显示,野生赤芍中芍药苷、没食子�Objective:To compare wild and cultivated Paeoniae Radix Rubra(PRR)in three aspects,including character,microscope,determination of primary and secondary metabolites.Method:Seventeen batches of wild and nine batches of cultivated PRR were collected,their character data were measured by vernier caliper and scales,and their paraffin sections were made by safranin-fixed green dyeing for the observation of microscopic features.The content of ethanol-soluble extracts and total tannin from wild and cultivated PRR was determined by the method of general principle 2201 and 2202 in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the content of polysaccharides was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method.Anthrone colorimetry was used to determine the content of starch,and Van Soest method of washing fiber was used to determine the content of fiber.The contents of fructose,glucose and sucrose in wild and cultivated PRR were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography evaporative light scattering detection(UPLC-ELSD),and the secondary metabolites(gallic acid,methyl gallate,catechin,oxypaeoniflorin,albiflorin,paeoniflorin,ellagic acid,1,3,4,6-tetragalloylglucose,galloylpaeoniflorin,1,2,3,4,6-O-pentagalloylglucose,naringenin,benzoylpaeoniflorin and benzoylalbiflorin)were determined by UPLC.Principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were used to analyze the data of wild and cultivated PRR,the contribution of different factors to the difference was determined according to the variable importance in the projection(VIP)value>1 and P<0.05.Result:In term of characters,wild PRR showed the traditional characteristic of Zaopi Fencha,its outer skin was loose and easy to fall off,its surface had longitudinal furrow and wrinkle,but the outer skin of cultivated PRR was not easy to fall off,and its surface was relatively smooth.The radial texture of xylem of wild PRR cross-section was more obvious,showing radial striations,vacuoles and more cracks,while the radial texture of

关 键 词：赤芍 野生 栽培 传统品质评价 性状 显微结构 化学成分 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] R931[医药卫生—中医学] R28[理学—分析化学] O657[理学—化学]