推进轴系弯-纵耦合非线性效应对推力测量精度影响研究  

Influence of bending-longitudinal coupling nonlinear effect of a propulsion shafting on the thrust measurement accuracy

作　　者：邹冬林 马相龙 吴昊[2] 薛林[1] 杨宇泽 塔娜[1] 饶柱石[1,3] ZOU Dong-lin;MA Xiang-long;WU Hao;XUE Lin;YANG Yu-ze;TA Na;RAO Zhu-shi(Institute of Vibration,Shock and Noise,State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Marine Equipment Research Institute,Shanghai 200031,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学振动、冲击、噪声研究所,机械系统与振动国家重点实验室,上海200240 [2]上海船舶设备研究所,上海200031 [3]高新船舶与深海开发装备协同创新中心,上海200240

出　　处：《船舶力学》2024年第7期1063-1072,共10页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12372055);中国船舶集团有限公司-上海交通大学海洋装备前瞻创新联合基金资助项目(GC3270001/022)。

摘　　要：高精度监测推进轴系推力对船舶快速性预报、船-机-桨优化匹配及轴系健康管理等具有重要意义。然而,对于超长推进轴系,由于其跨距大、细长比(轴系半径与长度之比)小、且承受推力大,此时轴系将产生严重弯-纵耦合非线性变形。这将对基于应变或变形位移等形变信息来测量推力的方法产生重要影响。因此,本文研究推进轴系弯-纵耦合非线性效应对推力测量精度的影响。考虑Von Karman非线性位移-应变关系,利用Hamilton变分原理结合有限元方法建立推进轴系非线性力学模型,研究弯-纵耦合效应对轴系变形位移和应变的影响规律,以及由此引起的推力测量误差。研究结果表明:在低转速时,轴系弯-纵耦合效应较弱,对推力测量影响很小;高转速时,忽略轴系弯-纵耦合效应将引起较大测量误差(240 r/min时,误差可达13.95%);测点越靠近螺旋桨,弯-纵耦合效应越强,推力测量误差越大,因此将测点布置在轴系前端推力轴承附近可有效减少轴系弯-纵耦合效应引起的测量误差。研究结果对跨度大、细长比小的超长轴系推力测量有指导意义。High-precision monitoring of the thrust of the propulsion shafting is of great significance for the ship rapidity prediction,hull-engine-propeller matching,and health management of the shaft.However,for the super-long propulsion shafting,because of its large span,small slenderness ratio(ratio of the radius to the length of the shaft)and large thrust,the shaft will produce severe bending-longitudinal coupling nonlinear deformation,which will have an important influence on the thrust measurement based on deformation in⁃formation such as strain or displacement.Therefore,the bending-longitudinal coupling nonlinear effect of the propulsion shafting on the thrust measurement accuracy was studied.Considering the Von Karman nonlinear displacement-strain relationship,a nonlinear mechanical model of the propulsion shaft was established by us⁃ing the Hamilton variational principle combined with the finite element method.The bending-longitudinal coupling effect on the displacement,strain and thrust measurement errors was studied.The results show that at low rotation speeds,the bending-longitudinal coupling effect is weak and has little effect on the thrust mea⁃surement.However,at high rotational speeds,ignoring the bending-longitudinal coupling effect will cause large measurement errors(the error can reach 13.95%at 240 r/min).Besides,the closer the measuring point is to the propeller,the stronger the bending-longitudinal coupling effect will be,and the larger the thrust mea⁃surement errors will be.Therefore,arranging the measuring point near the thrust bearing at the front end of the shaft can effectively reduce the measurement errors caused by the bending-longitudinal coupling effect.The research results have guiding significance for the thrust measurement of super-long shafts with large spans and small slenderness ratios.

关 键 词：推进轴系 推力测量 非线性 弯-纵耦合 有限元法 

分 类 号：O327[理学—一般力学与力学基础]