上海地区梨品种需冷量及需热量研究  

Chilling and heat requirements of pear varieties in Shanghai area

作　　者：王晓庆[1] 施春晖[1] 蒋爽[1] 朱涛 林雪君 李水根[1] 骆军[1] WANG Xiaoqing;SHI Chunhui;JIANG Shuang;ZHU Tao;LIN Xuejun;LI Shuigen;LUO Jun(Forest and Fruit Tree Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences∕Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Kangran Agricultural Cooperative,Shanghai 201712,China;Shanghai Songjiang Crystal Pear Association,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所∕上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201403 [2]上海康然农业专业合作社,上海201712 [3]上海市松江水晶梨协会,上海201600

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2024年第3期42-47,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目[沪农科推字(2019)第1-3号]。

摘　　要：以上海地区4个梨品种为研究对象,采用不同模型测试其需冷量及需热量。结果表明:梨品种的需冷量在≤7.2℃模型下为191—518 h、0—7.2℃模型下为171—394 h、犹他模型下为138—192 C·U(‘翠冠’除外),‘翠冠’需冷量最低,其次为‘沪晶梨18号’和‘沪晶梨67号’,需冷量最高的是‘早生新水’;需热量在生长度小时模型下为10456—10781 GDH·℃,‘早生新水’需热量最低,其次为‘翠冠’,需热量最高的为‘沪晶梨18号’和‘沪晶梨67号’;有效积温模型为187—240 D·℃,‘翠冠’的需热量最低,其他品种间无明显差异。上海地区的梨品种的需冷量估算,优先推荐使用0—7.2℃模型,犹他模型更适用于需冷量高的梨品种,生长度小时模型比有效积温模型更适合梨需热量估算。Different models were used to estimate the chilling and heat requirements,taking 4 pear varieties in Shanghai as materials.The results showed that the chilling requirements of pear varieties were 191—518 h under the≤7.2℃model,171—394 h for the 0—7.2℃model,138—192 C·U for the Utah model(except‘Cuiguan’).Chilling requirement of‘Cuiguan’was the lowest,followed by‘Hujingli 18’and‘Hujingli 67’,which the highest was‘Zaosheng xinshui’.Heat requirements of the 4 pear cultivars were from 10456 to 10781 GDH·℃under the growing degree-hour model,heat requirement of‘Zaosheng xinshui’was the lowest,the second was‘Cuiguan’,and the highest was‘Hujingli 18’and‘Hujingli 67’.Heat requirement of the 4 pear varieties ranged from 187 to 240 D·℃under the effective temperature model,‘Cuiguan’had the lowest heat requirement,and there was little difference among the other varieties.The estimation of chilling requirements for pear varieties suitable for Shanghai was recommended to use the 0—7.2℃model as a priority.The Utah model was recommended for pear varieties with the high chilling requirement.The growing degree-hour model was better suited for the estimation of heat requirements of pear varieties than the effective temperature model.

关 键 词：梨品种 需冷量 需热量 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]