豇豆农药残留超标高频原因分析与对策  

Cause analysis and countermeasures on high frequency of excessive pesticide residues in cowpea

作　　者：李卫东 俞美莲[2] LI Weidong;YU Meilian(Shanghai Fengxian District Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Center,Shanghai 201400,China;Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Information,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区农产品质量安全中心,上海201400 [2]上海市农业科学院农业科技信息研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2024年第3期101-107,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科委“科技创新行动计划”软科学研究项目(22692110600)。

摘　　要：自“治违禁控药残促提升”三年行动方案实施以来,由抽检数据分析发现,豇豆农药残留的不合格率呈不降反升的反常现象。依据《豇豆主要病虫害绿色防控技术规程》(NY∕T 4023—2021)、《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB 2763—2021)和《食品安全国家标准食品中2,4-滴丁酸钠盐等112种农药最大残留限量》(GB 2763.1—2022)中涉及豇豆的相关信息、中国农药信息网的数据及相关法律法规,多角度、多维度进行归纳分析比较,从豇豆生产者、绿色防控技术规程标准、农药残留限量标准等方面,阐述豇豆农药残留不合格率不降反升的原因,并在农药登记、农药选择、农药残留标准及检测方法方面提出对策建议,以期提高豇豆生产者对禁限用农药的科学意识,提高豇豆产品的质量安全水平,提升消费者对豇豆等农产品的消费信心。Through analyzing the sampling data after the implementation of a nationwide three-year action plan of“controlling prohibitted pesticides,controlling pesticide residue,and accelerating improvement”,an abnormal phenomenon was found that the unqualified rate of cowpea did not decrease but increased.According to the information related to cowpea in Technical code of practice for environmental friendly control of main diseases and insect pests on Vigna unguiculata(cowpea)(NY∕T 4023—2021),National food safety standard—Maximum residue limits for pesticides in food(GB 2763—2021),and National food safety standard—Maximum residue limits for 112 pesticides in food(GB 2763.1—2022),as well as the data from China Pesticide Information Network and the relevant laws and regulations,the causes of increased unqualified rate of pesticide residue are discussed in the aspects of cowpea growers,standards on the technical codes,and standards on pesticide residual limits.At last,the countermeasures and suggestions are proposed in the aspects of pesticide registration,selection of pesticides,and standards on pesticide residue,aiming to raise the scientific awareness of cowpea producers on prohibited and restricted pesticides,enhance the quality and safety level of cowpea products,and also enhance consumers’confidence in consumption of cowpea and other agricultural products.

关 键 词：豇豆 农药 残留限量 食品安全 对策 

分 类 号：S436.43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S482[农业科学—植物保护]