重构历史:古尔纳《天堂》中的非洲叙事  

Reconstructing History:African Narration in Gurnah’s Paradise

作　　者：赵秀兰[1] Zhao Xiulan

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学外语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2024年第1期92-107,共16页English and American Literary Studies

摘　　要：阿卜杜勒-拉扎克·古尔纳在《天堂》中将被殖民文学边缘化的非洲人置于中心位置,让欧洲殖民者成为“被凝视”的对象,从非洲人的视角讲述非洲历史,展现殖民主义对非洲(人)的影响,以及一战前东非地区社会、经济与文化的历史变迁。本文从逆写帝国、嵌套结构、旅行叙事和多元文化杂糅四个方面,分析古尔纳重写非洲历史、重塑非洲形象的方式。小说采用嵌套结构,以个体历史为经,以地方史与民族/国家历史为纬,钩沉殖民时期的非洲历史,拓展了文本的历史维度。古尔纳将旅行叙事与成长、身份建构结合在一起,通过空间位移表征身份/认同的“流动性”和“混杂性”,揭示非洲文化多元主义的历史渊源,呈现出一种世界主义与共同体的历史意识。In Paradise,Abdulrazak Gurnah places the Africans marginalized by colonial literature at the center and makes European colonists the object of“gaze”to tell African history from the perspective of Africans and show the influence of colonialism on Africa/Africans as well as the historical changes of society,economy and culture in East Africa before World War I.This paper analyzes how Gurnah rewrites African history and reshapes the image of Africa from four aspects:the empire writing back,embedding structure,travel narrative,and hybridity of multi-cultures.The novel adopts embedding structure,taking individual history as the longitude,and local history and national history as the latitude to rewrite the history of Africa in colonial period,which expands the historical dimension of the text.Gurnah combines the travel narrative with growth and identity construction,to represent the“fluidity”and“hybridity”of identity/identification from spatial displacement,and reveals the historical origin of African multiculturalism,which presents a historical consciousness of cosmopolitanism and community.

关 键 词：《天堂》 逆写帝国 嵌套结构 旅行叙事 多元文化杂糅 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]