电动汽车地毯隔音垫的轻量化设计及其声学性能改进  

Lightweight design and acoustic improvement for carpet insulation of electric vehicles

作　　者：谢晓龙 叶早萍 XIE Xiaolong;YE Zaoping(SHENDA(Shanghai)Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201814,China;Shanghai Textile Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200082,China)

机构地区：[1]申达(上海)科技有限公司,上海201814 [2]上海市纺织科学研究院有限公司,上海200082

出　　处：《印染》2024年第7期63-68,共6页China Dyeing and Finishing

基　　金：上海市市国资委企业创新发展和能级提升项目资金资助(2021010)。

摘　　要：对电动汽车的噪声源特性和车身架构的变化进行了分析,有针对性地提出了两种轻量化地毯隔音垫的设计方案,并从吸声隔声原理、方案设计、材料选型、制造工艺、吸声隔声试验、实车路试验证等方面进行了系统研究。设计出的耗散型轻量化地毯隔音垫能够代替传统重质层型地毯隔音垫,适用于电动汽车乘员舱地板区域,在实车路试中的噪声水平和车内语音清晰度都优于传统重质层型地毯隔音垫,减重效果明显;设计出的ABA型(Absorber-Barrier-Absorber)轻量化地毯隔音垫有较好的隔声性能,适用于电动汽车行李箱地板区域,能够有效控制电驱动系统产生的高频噪声,同时实现了轻量化目标。Noise source characteristics and changes in the body architecture of electric vehicles are analyzed.Two design schemes for lightweight carpet insulation are proposed with targeted approaches,and systematic research is conducted from the aspects of sound absorption and insulation principles,scheme design,material selection,manufacturing process,sound absorption and insulation tests,and actual vehicle road test certifica⁃tion.The designed dissipative lightweight carpet insulation can replace the traditional heavy layer carpet insula⁃tion and is suitable for the floor area of the passenger cabin of electric vehicles.In actual vehicle road tests,the noise level and in car voice clarity are better than traditional heavy layer carpet insulation,and the weight reduc⁃tion effect is obvious;The designed ABA lightweight carpet insulation has good sound insulation performance and is suitable for the luggage cabin floor area of electric vehicles.It can effectively control the high-frequency noise generated by the electric drive system and achieve the goal of lightweight.

关 键 词：电动汽车 地毯隔音垫 轻量化 非织造工艺 吸声系数 插入损失 

分 类 号：TS176.7[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计] U463.82[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]