增施农家肥对不同区域烟叶香气品质的影响  

Effects of Adding Farmyard Manure on Aroma Quality of Tobacco Leaves of Different Production Regions

作　　者：向羽 黄闫江 周成 黄楚天 何辉 柳洪入 XIANG Yu;HUANG Yan-jiang;ZHOU Cheng(China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Enshi,Hubei 445000;Hubei Ar-omatic Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Enshi,Hubei 445000)

机构地区：[1]湖北中烟工业有限责任公司,湖北恩施445000 [2]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北恩施445000 [3]上海市农业科学院作物所农产品保鲜加工研究中心,上海201403

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第13期121-126,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]研究增施农家肥处理对不同地区及不同叶位烟叶挥发性物质、总酚、总黄酮以及类胡萝卜素含量的影响,寻求一种能有效提高烟草香气品质、提升卷烟质量的烟草种植优化技术,为不同产区进行适宜的管理模式选择与烟叶品质评价提供了基础理论支撑。[方法]以“云烟87”为材料,在湖北利川和宣恩种植基地对烟叶进行施肥处理(增施农家肥7500 kg/hm^(2),饼肥450 kg/hm^(2)),分析施肥处理对不同叶位烟叶总酚、总黄酮、类胡萝卜素及挥发性物质含量的影响。[结果]利用HS-SPME-GC-MS技术共检测到25种关键芳香成分,1,4-二十碳烯烃类挥发物为烟叶中占比最高的物质,达54.39%~83.38%,茄尼酮次之,此外,在利川地区,施肥处理显著提高烟叶中苯甲醛、β-紫罗兰酮、3-羟基-β-二氢大马酮与二氢猕猴桃内酯4种关键挥发性物质含量占比,但在宣恩地区,施肥处理的烟叶中挥发性物质含量低于常规栽培模式。此外,在利川示范区,施肥处理的上部烟叶中类胡萝卜素含量比常规模式提高23%,中部烟叶中总黄酮含量提高了50%,总酚含量也显著提高。[结论]施肥处理可对不同地区及叶位挥发性物质、总酚、总黄酮及类胡萝卜素含量产生影响,但不同地区模式不同,这为不同产区进行适宜的管理模式选择、提高烟草香气品质、提升卷烟质量提供一定的理论和技术依据。[Objective]To seek an optimized planted technology that can improve aroma and nutrition quality of the cigarette,effects of adding farmyard manure on volatiles content,total phenol,total flavonoids and carotenoids of tobacco leaves from different parts and regions were studied.The study provided basic theoretical support for appropriate management and quality evaluation of tobacco leaves in different producing areas.[Method]‘Yunyan 87'was used as material to fertilize tobacco leaves in Lichuan and Xuanen planting bases of Hubei Province(7500 kg/hm^(2) of farm fertilizer and 450 kg/hm^(2) of cake fertilizer).The effects of adding farmyard manure on content of total phenols,total flavonoids,carotenoids and volatile substances in different parts of tobacco leaves were analyzed and evaluated.[Result]A total of 25 key aromatic components were detected by HS-SPME-GC-MS technique.1,4-Eicosadiene was the most important substance in tobacco leaves,accounting for 54.39%-83.38%,followed by 6,8-Nonadien-2-one,8-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-,(E)-.The content of four key volatile substances(benzaldehyde,β-ionone,3-Hydroxy-β-damascone and Dihydroactinidioide)were significantly increased by fertilization treatment,but the content of volatile substances in tobacco leaves treated with fertilization were lower than those in conventional cultivation mode in Xuanen area.In addition,in Lichuan demonstration area,the carotenoid content treated with fertilizer increased by 23%compared with the conventional mode in the upper tobacco leaves,the total flavonoid content in the middle tobacco leaf increased by 50%,and the total phenol content was also significantly increased.[Conclusion]Adding farmyard manure treatment can affect the content of volatile substances,total phenols,total flavonoids and carotenoids in different regions and leaves,but the change pattern is different in different regions,which provides theoretical and technical basis for selecting appropriate management mode in different producing areas,improving tobacco aroma qual

关 键 词：烟草 施肥 挥发性物质 活性物质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]