以检测为基础的高校转基因试验基地安全管理研究  

Research on detection-dependent safety management of transgenic test bases in universities

作　　者：颜晶莹 倪亮[1] 黄冲平[1] 李坤峰[1] 沈星宇 YAN Jingying;NI Liang;HUANG Chongping;LI Kunfeng;SHEN Xingyu(Agricultural Experimental Station,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业试验站,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第6期226-231,共6页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：浙江大学实验技术研究项目(SYB202138)。

摘　　要：转基因技术对选育高产、高品质的作物品种和全球粮食安全具有重要贡献。我国高度重视农业转基因技术的研究和发展,但转基因仍然存在一定的环境风险,需要被严格监管。高校转基因试验基地是开展转基因技术及其应用研究的重要平台。该文从转基因植物的种植现状及其潜在风险出发,以浙江大学为例详细介绍了以转基因检测为基础的全方位监管溯源流程,包括从种子—幼苗—果实—秸秆—土壤残留根系等不同阶段的取样检测,提出了以检测为基础的高校转基因试验基地安全监管方式。[Significance]Transgenic technology,also known as genetic engineering or genetic modification(GM)technology,is an emerging field rooted in modern biotechnology.By transferring specific foreign genes into target organisms,this technology enables predictable and directed genetic changes.It has significantly contributed to the development of high-yield and high-quality crop varieties,playing a crucial role in ensuring global food security.Recognizing its potential,China has heavily focused on the research and development of agricultural GM technology.However,GM still poses certain environmental risks.For instance,transgenic plants can cross with related wild species through genetic drift,such as powder escape,leading to the unintentional release of genes into the natural environment.Therefore,GM should be strictly regulated at the present stage.The transgenic test bases of universities are important platforms for exploring genetic engineering technologies and their applications.Ensuring the safety of these bases is also paramount.However,effectively managing the cultivation of GM plants within these bases remains an open question for discussion.[Progress]Starting from the planting status of GM plants and their potential risks,this article mainly considers Zhejiang University as an example to introduce the management of the transgenic test base of the university.Particularly,it emphasizes the key role of transgenic detection in the safety management of transgenic test bases,detailing a comprehensive monitoring and traceability process.The process involves multitissue and multistage detection,involving the following stages:1)Before cultivation,GM-plant seeds are sampled and detected for their genetic backgrounds at protein and nucleic acid levels.2)During cultivation,leaves from GM seedlings and fruits or seeds from mature GM plants are sampled and detected.3)After harvesting,the soil residuary straws and roots of GM plants are sampled and detected.Overall,such thorough testing involving seeds,plants,and soil residuar

关 键 词：转基因植物 安全管理 转基因试验基地 检测 

分 类 号：G482[文化科学—教育学] Q788[文化科学—教育技术学]