一类多物资类型无人机应急配送路径优化模型  

Optimization Model of Emergency Delivery Routing of UAVs with Multi-Type Goods

作　　者：魏明 吴蕾 孙博 WEI Ming;WU Lei;SUN Bo(School of Air Traffic Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Key Experiment of Civil Aviation Flight Technology and Flight Safety,Civil Aviation Flight College of China,Guanghan 618300,China;School of Information Science and Technology,Nantong University,Nantong 226019,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学空中交通管理学院,天津300300 [2]中国民航飞行学院民航飞行技术与飞行安全重点实验,四川广汉618300 [3]南通大学信息科学技术学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《数学的实践与认识》2024年第6期141-150,共10页Mathematics in Practice and Theory

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目(20YJCZH176);民航飞行技术与飞行安全重点实验室开放基金(FZ2021KF06)。

摘　　要：针对灾区的多类型物资应急配送问题,提出一种多机型无人机配送路径优化模型,考虑需求订单的起讫点、不同类型无人机的最大载重和里程等约束,将这些订单分配给无人机,确定任意配送中心的不同类型无人机数量,计算它们访问仓库和需求点的服务顺序和到达离开时间,追求总的出行能耗成本最少.根据问题特征,设计求解该问题的蚁群算法,定义了解的构造规则和信息素等.最后,通过一个算例,计算最佳调度方案,分析相关参数的变化对其影响,并进一步将算法与Cplex的性能进行对比,从而验证模型和算法的有效性.Aiming at the problem of emergency distribution of multi-type goods required by disaster areas,an optimization model of emergency delivery routing of multi-type UAVs is proposed,where some constraints such as the starting and ending points of all demand orders,maximum load and mileage of each UAV type are considered.Our goal is to assign these orders to UAVs,determine the number of different types of UAVs in each distribution center,and calculate their service order and arrival/departure time to visit demand points.The objective function is to minimize total travel energy consumption.According to the characteristics of the problem,an ant colony algorithm is designed to solve the problem,where the solution construction rules and pheromones are redefined.Finally,an example is given to calculate the optimal scheduling scheme,analyze the influence of related parameters on it,and compare the performance of the algorithm with that of Cplex,so as to verify the effectiveness of the model and algorithm.

关 键 词：无人机应急配送 装卸一体 多机型 多商品类型 蚁群算法 

分 类 号：V355[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]