应对老龄化挑战的教育创新:美国高等教育代际服务学习实践  

Intergenerational Service Learning in the Landscape of U.S.Higher Education Amid Active Aging

作　　者：江凤娟[1] JIANG Fengjuan(School of Education,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学教育学院,北京100081

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2024年第6期73-83,共11页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2022年度教育学重大课题“新时代老年教育服务体系建设研究”(项目编号:VKA220009)。

摘　　要：老龄化是全球人口结构的发展趋势,高等教育在积极应对老龄化挑战中扮演关键角色。美国多所高校通过代际服务学习模式将学生专业发展与社区需求紧密结合,为高等教育积极参与老年教育和社会服务积累了丰富实践经验。代际服务学习强调提高公民责任感,注重学生和被服务对象的共同受益。准备阶段充分考虑学生专业发展目标和实际老年服务需求;行动阶段注重在提升老年服务质量的同时,促进学生专业知识的理解和实践;反思阶段要求学生记录过程性资料,并进行批判性思考;开展多主体的评估和反馈。美国高等教育代际服务学习彰显了尊重老年人和学生双方需求的互惠互助价值观,通过基于证据的循证式评估机制,打破传统教育的角色模糊策略,呈现出专业学习和社会服务并重的鲜明特色。The prevailing global demographic shift underscores the crucial role of higher education in proactively tackling the complexities associated with an aging population.Numerous institutions in the United States adeptly intertwine students'professional growth with community imperatives through intergenerational service learning.Intergenerational service learning places a premium on fostering civic responsibility,with a specific emphasis on mutually beneficial outcomes for both students and service recipients.The preparatory phase meticulously considers students'professional development objectives alongside the authentic needs within elderly services.The action phase prioritizes not only the enhancement of the quality of elderly services but also the cultivation of students'comprehension and reflective engagement with their professional knowledge.The reflection phase mandates students to meticulously document procedural data and engage in critical thinking.Ultimately,a multi-stakeholder evaluation and feedback process is instituted.Intergenerational service learning epitomizes a reciprocal value system that respects the needs of both elderly individuals and students.Through evidence-based and inquiry-driven assessment mechanisms,it deviates from traditional educational role ambiguity,presenting a distinctive characteristic of harmonizing professional learning and societal service.

关 键 词：美国高等教育 代际服务学习 社会服务 积极老龄化 

分 类 号：G649.712[文化科学—高等教育学]