城市地铁客流的时空动态波动特征与比较研究:以深圳市为例  

Characteristics and Comparison of Spatiotemporal Dynamic Fluctuation of Subway Passenger Flow:A Case Study of Shenzhen

作　　者：毛润彩 戢晓峰[2,3,4] 尹安藤 陈方 赵润林 Mao Runcai;Ji Xiaofeng;Yin Anteng;Chen Fang;Zhao Runlin(Kunming Urban Planning&Design Institute,Kunming 650051,China;Faculty of Traffic Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Integrated Transportation Development and Regional Logistics Management Think Tank,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Modern Logistics Engineering Research Center,Kunming 650500,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明市规划设计研究院有限公司市政与交通所,昆明650051 [2]昆明理工大学交通工程学院,昆明650500 [3]昆明理工大学云南综合交通发展与区域物流管理智库,昆明650500 [4]云南省现代物流工程研究中心,昆明650500 [5]西南大学化学化工学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《热带地理》2024年第7期1210-1222,共13页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“黄金周自驾游时空行为模式及多尺度集聚效应研究:云南省的实证”(42061030);云南省交通运输厅科技创新及示范项目“高速公路旅游流时空模式感知与沿线服务设施配置优化研究”(2021-86-4)。

摘　　要：不同时段下行为主体生活方式的客观变化导致活动者地铁出行空间与模式发生改变,区别不同时段地铁客流的时空异质性特征,有助于引导城市功能更新与集约增长。以深圳市为案例,运用时空数据挖掘与地理空间分析相结合的手段,从整体、站点、OD多视角考察工作日、周末与节假日地铁客流在流量、流向、联系、结构上的时空动态波动特征。研究表明:1)网络整体视角下,工作日、节假日、周末表现为3种不同类型的地铁客流模式,分别呈现“双峰”“平峰”和“小双峰+平峰”形态。2)站点视角下,仅少数站点在工作日与非工作日的客流量及分担率差异显著,工作日客流高度集中于就业功能主导型站点,非工作日客流集中于交通枢纽型及综合型站点;站点周边土地利用的高混合度有助于客流分散和抗扰。3)OD视角下,地铁网络OD客流呈幂律分布且层级分异明显;地铁拓扑网络中心与不同时段下的客流中心均呈空间双耦合特征;周末与节假日的多元化出行以及城市中心的高密度混合开发模式弱化客流对特定线路的依赖,其客流联系易呈圈层结构。Objective changes in people's lifestyles at different times of the day lead to changes in metro travel with respect to space and mode.Distinguishing the spatiotemporal heterogeneity characteristics of subway passenger flows at different times of the day can help guide urban functional renewal and intensive growth.Taking Shenzhen as a case study,this study examines the spatiotemporal dynamic fluctuation characteristics of subway passenger flow in terms of volume,direction,connection,and structure on weekdays,weekends,and holidays through spatiotemporal data mining and geospatial analysis from the network,station,and OD(Origin and Destination)perspectives.The results indicate the following:(1)From an overall perspective,three different types of subway passenger flow patterns exist on weekdays,holidays,and weekends:bimodal,flat peak,and small bimodal and flat peak composite patterns,respectively.Weekday subway ridership is significantly higher compared with weekends and holidays.The proportion of short-distance short-time and long-distance long-time trips increases slightly on holidays and weekends,conforming to the beta distribution.By contrast,commuter traffic remains the focus of the current subway operating system service.(2)From the station perspective,Shenzhen has only a few stations with significant differences in weekday and non-weekday patronage and sharing rates.Weekday passenger traffic is highly concentrated in residential and employment-oriented stations.Nonweekday passenger traffic is concentrated in transportation hubs and integrated stations.The high mix of land use around stations helps disperse passenger traffic and resist disturbance at different times.(3)From the OD perspective,OD passenger flow on the subway network has a power law distribution and significant hierarchical differentiation.On weekdays,subway OD passenger flow forms groups with business offices,higher education institutions,and popular business districts.On weekends,the intensity of subway OD passenger flow linkages shows varying

关 键 词：地铁客流 工作日 周末 节假日 时空异质性 多视角 OD客流 社区发现 深圳 

分 类 号：U293.13[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]