薏苡雌性不育株FS2106的性状遗传分析  

Traits Inheritance of Female Sterile Line FS2106 in Adlay(Coix L.)

作　　者：李祥栋 陆秀娟 魏心元 潘虹 曾涛 石明 LI Xiangdong;LU Xiujuan;WEI Xinyuan;PAN Hong;ZENG Tao;SHI Ming(Southwest Guizhou Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/Adlay of Engineering Technical Research Center in Guizhou,Xingyi 562400)

机构地区：[1]黔西南州农业林业科学研究院/贵州省薏苡工程技术研究中心,兴义562400

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2024年第7期1083-1091,共9页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：贵州省级财政种业发展项目(黔财农[2022]45号,黔财农[2023]2号,黔财农[2024]14号)。

摘　　要：稳定遗传的雌性不育系是薏苡实现杂种优势利用的关键,雌性不育基因的利用也是实现轻简化杂交种制种的重要途径。本研究团队在资源鉴定过程中首次发现了在自然条件下产生的薏苡雌性不育遗传材料FS2106。以FS2106为试验材料,对其表型、花粉活力和染色体数目进行鉴定,以其为父本与2个可育薏苡材料配制杂交组合,观测雌性不育性、柱头颜色、叶鞘颜色和总苞质地4个性状在F_(1)、F_(2)群体中的性状分离情况,并通过χ^(2)检验揭示其遗传方式和遗传规律。结果表明,FS2106植株的株高、茎粗、分蘖数、叶长和叶宽的平均值分别为86.9 cm、4.9 mm、33.4个/株、34.3 cm和2.2 cm;开花期雌穗不发育、雄穗发育正常,产生正常活力花粉,雌性不育性状稳定;染色体数目为2n=20,倍性正常。χ^(2)检验显示,FS2106植株的雌性不育性属于单基因控制的隐性核遗传,其紫色叶鞘、紫色柱头颜色、总苞质地性状均为单基因显性遗传,而且总苞质地性状位点表现为杂合子。FS2106的发现及其雌性不育基因的挖掘为薏苡杂种优势利用和杂交制种提供了基础材料,叶鞘颜色、柱头颜色和总苞质地性状也可做为育种应用的重要标记性状。Genetic stable female sterile line is the key to realize heterosis utilization,and it is also a essential pathway to achieve simplified hybrid seed production by using female sterile gene.A female sterile line in genetics,named FS2106,was first discovered during our investigation of germplasm resource.The phenotypic traits,pollen viability and chromosome numbers were tested in the plants,while two hybrid combinations and their segregation populations were built with FS2106 and other two normal female parent,thus traits separation of female sterile,stigma color,shenth color and involurce texture were observed in F1 and F2 generation populations,and inheritance modes and regulations of four traits were revealed by χ^(2) test.The results showed that plant height,stem diameter,tillers,leaf length and leaf width were 86.9 cm,4.9 mm,33.4 per plant,34.3 cm and 2.2 cm in average,respectively.In flowering stage,its pistillate spikelet grows without development,but tassels are proper growth and produce viability pollens,exhibiting stable female sterile characteristics.Chromosome number was a normal type of 2n=20.Moreover,the female sterile trait in FS2106 is a recessive nuclear inheritance controlled by a single gene,while its purple leaf sheath and stigma and involurce texture are the dominant heredity of single gene,and alleles were heterozygous in involurce texture loci.In conclusion,the discovery of FS2106 and the mining of female sterility gene could provide the basic materials for the heterosis utilization and seed production of adlay,and traits of leaf sheath color,stigma color and involurce texture can be acted as macroscopic flags in breeding procedure.

关 键 词：雌性不育 标记性状 控制基因 遗传规律 薏苡 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]