癌痛药物临床使用中面临的伦理问题探讨  

Discussion of Ethical Issues in the Clinical Use of Cancer Pain Medications

作　　者：王丽萍 马文兵[2] 李红兵 王立珍 WANG Liping;MA Wenbing;LI Hongbing;WANG Lizhen(Department of Pharmacy,Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital,Xi'an 710100,China;Department of Pharmacy,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安国际医学中心医院药学部,陕西西安710100 [2]西安交通大学第一附属医院药学部,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第13期25-29,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

摘　　要：癌痛药物在恶性肿瘤引起的疼痛治疗中具有举足重轻的作用,尤其是阿片类药物,但在我国其使用量仍处于不足的水平,因此,在临床使用中仍面临着严峻的问题,如疼痛药物治疗与成瘾伦理风险、癌痛药物治疗的错误认知、癌痛药物治疗经济负担与资源分配不公、医患沟通不足与侵犯患者自主权和知情同意权等伦理问题。为了有效规避伦理风险,规范癌痛药物的临床应用,提出医患应正确认识疼痛和镇痛药物的作用和风险、平衡疼痛药物治疗和成瘾伦理风险的关系、合理处理患者自主权和知情同意等,在合理合法的基础上,为患者制定个体化的镇痛方案。Cancer pain medications play a critical role in the treatment of pain caused by malignant tumors,especially opioids.But the usage of opioids in China is still insufficient,leading to significant clinical challenges.These challenges include ethical risks related to addiction from pain medication treatment,misconceptions about cancer pain medication,the economic burden and unfair allocation of resources,issues of insufficient doctor-patient communication,the violation of patients'autonomy and informed consent and other ethical issues.In order to effectively avoid ethical risks and regulate the clinical application of cancer pain medications,it is proposed that both healthcare providers and patients should accurately understand the effects and risks of pain and analgesic drugs,balance the relationship between pain drug treatment and addiction ethical risks,reasonably deal with patients'autonomy and informed consent.Based on this understanding,individualized pain management plans should be developed for patients within a reasonable and legal framework.

关 键 词：癌痛药物 知情同意 伦理问题 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]