生物医学道德增强:现实可行性与技术可欲求性之辩  

Biomedical Moral Enhancement:Reflections on Practical Feasibility and Technological Desirability

作　　者：翁昱岑 李伦 WENG Yucen;LI Lun(Center for Ethics and Management of Science and Technology,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学科技伦理与科技管理研究中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第13期44-48,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2017年国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA023)。

摘　　要：生物医学技术的发展为干预人类道德情操提供可能,也正因为其利用技术手段改变人的道德行为而饱受争议。围绕着现实可行性与技术可欲求性存在的争议展开讨论,当下学界在可欲求性层面提出的人格塑造、自由意志和道德理性问题都未必构成对生物医学道德增强的良好反驳。在现实可行性层面,发展一项旨在提升个体道德情操、解决德性相关社会问题的生物医学道德增强技术未必值得提倡。技术安全性、有效性和价值定位等方面的不确定性,以及社会效益主导下“工程性”道德增强带来的自由意志悖论,都构成该技术面临的伦理困境。Advances in biomedical technologies offer the potential to intervene in human morality,but this potential is highly controversial due to the ethical implications of using technological means to change human moral behavior.It argues that current scholarly objections concerning character formation,free will,and moral reasoning at the desirability level do not necessarily provide strong counterarguments against biomedical moral enhancement.On the practical feasibility front,the development of biomedical moral enhancement aimed at improving individual morality and solving virtue-related social problems may not be worth advocating.Uncertainty about the safety,efficacy and value proposition of the technology,as well as the paradox of free will under a socially beneficial"engineering"approach to moral enhancement,present significant ethical challenges.

关 键 词：生物医学 道德增强 可行性 可欲求性 伦理反思 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]