楚卜筮祷祠简语法札记三则  

Three Syntactic Notes on Chu Divination and Sacrifice Slips

作　　者：刘欣悦 胡波[1] LIU Xinyue;HU Bo(Institute of Chinese Language and Literature,Center for Comprehensive Research on Unearthed Literature,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学汉语言文献研究所、出土文献综合研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2024年第7期103-109,118,共8页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目“秦简牍虚词研究与语法例释”(SWU1909319)。

摘　　要：楚卜筮祷祠简是战国中晚期的“同时资料”,其中存在许多特殊的语法现象。经考察发现,双及物构式“V_(祭祀)+NP_(鬼神)+NP_(祭品)”是仅见于楚卜筮祷祠简的句法结构,同时代的其他文献未见使用;情态副词“尚”是西周春秋时期表达主观期望的口语词,却在楚卜筮祷祠简中大量出现;关联副词“安”是楚简常用的顺承衔接词,但在楚卜筮祷祠简中只有转折用法。这些特殊语法现象能弥补汉语史研究的空白,具有很高的语言学价值。Chu divination and sacrifice slips are contemporaneous materials of the middle and late stages of the Warring States period,which contain a lot of special grammatical phenomena.The paper finds that the ditransi⁃tive construction of"V_(Sacrifice)+N_(PGhost)+N_(PSacrifice)"is a syntactic structure found only in Chu divination and sacrifice slips,rather than in any other contemporary literature.The modal adverb of"Shang"(尚)is a colloquial word used in the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period,expressing subjective expectations,but emerges in large numbers in Chu divination and sacrifice slips.The link adverb of"An"(安)is a commonly-used sequential conjunction in Chu bamboo slips,but has only a transitional use in Chu divination and sacrifice slips.These special grammatical phenomena,with a great linguistic value,can fill the gap in the study of Chinese lan⁃guage history.

关 键 词：楚卜筮祷祠简 双及物构式 情态副词“尚” 关联副词“安” 

分 类 号：H109.2[语言文字—汉语]