《神农本草经》与经方应用之泽泻篇  

Zexie(Alismatis Rhizoma)in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica and Classic Formulas

作　　者：郑振涛[1] 袁红霞[1] ZHENG Zhentao;YUAN Hongxia(Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,天津301617

出　　处：《山东中医药大学学报》2024年第4期428-433,共6页Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：天津市教学成果奖重点培育项目(编号:PGYJ-032);天津中医药大学研究生科研创新项目(编号:YJSKC-20201020);天津市教委科研计划项目(编号:2022KJ271);天津市名中医传承工作室建设项目(批文号:津卫中[2022]303号)。

摘　　要：《神农本草经》记载泽泻“:味甘,寒。主风寒湿痹,乳难,消水,养五脏,益气力,肥健。久服耳目聪明,不饥,延年,轻身,面生光,能行水上。”以《神农本草经》中泽泻的主治作用为线索,分析《伤寒杂病论》中泽泻的应用。泽泻主治消水,消心下之水,常与白术配伍,以泽泻汤为代表方;消膀胱之水,常与茯苓、白术、桂枝等药配伍,以五苓散为代表方;消腰下之水,常与牡蛎、栝楼根、葶苈子等药配伍,以牡蛎泽泻散为代表方;消肾脏之水,常与生地黄、山茱萸等药配伍,以肾气丸为代表方;消血中之水,常与当归、芍药等药配伍,以当归芍药散为代表方。泽泻可调养五脏,培补正气,“养五脏,益气力,耳目聪明”,常与生地黄、山药等配伍,以肾气丸为代表方;“轻身,面生光,能行水上”,常与茯苓、甘草、桂枝等药配伍,以茯苓泽泻汤为代表方。It was stated in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica that:“Zexie(Alismatis Rhizoma),sweet in taste and cold in property,is mainly used to treat wind,cold and dampness impediment and postpartum hypogalactia,to eliminate water,to nourish five Zang-organs,to increase energy and to strengthen the body.Long-term taking of it can improve hearing and vision,relieve hunger,prolong life,relax the body,and luster the facial expression,just like walking over river.”Based on the indications of Zexie recorded in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica,the application of Zexie in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases was analyzed.Zexie can be used to eliminate water.For eliminating water under heart,Zexie is mainly combined with Baizhu(Atractylodis Macro⁃cephalae Rhizoma),represented by Zexie Decoction(泽泻汤).For eliminating the water in bladder,it is mainly combined with Fuling(Poria),Baizhu,Guizhi(Cinnamomi Ramulus),etc.,represented by Wuling Power(五苓散).For eliminating water under waist,it is mainly combined with Muli(Ostreae Conch),Gualougen(Trichosanthis Radix),Tinglizi(Lepidii Seme),etc.,represented by Muli Zexie Powder(牡蛎泽泻散).For eliminating water in kidney,it is mainly combined with Shengdihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)and Shanzhuyu(Corni Fructus),etc.,represented by Shenqi Pill(肾气丸).For eliminating water in blood,it is mainly combined with Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)and Shaoyao(Paeoniae Radix Alba),etc.,represented by Danggui Shaoyao Powder(当归芍药散).Zexie can be used to nourish five Zang-organs and strengthen healthy qi,and is mainly used to“nourish five Zang-organs,increase energy and improve hearing and vision”,it is mainly combined with Shengdihuang and Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma),etc.,represented by Shenqi Pill.Zexie can be used to“relax the body,luster the facial expression,just like walking over river”,it is mainly combined with Fuling,Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Guizhi,etc.,represented by Fuling Zexie Decoction(茯苓泽泻汤).

关 键 词：《神农本草经》 《伤寒杂病论》 经方 泽泻 消水 养正 养五脏 益气力 

分 类 号：R281.2[医药卫生—中药学] R282.71[医药卫生—中医学]