马克思学说何以具有“生态维度”——斋藤幸平对马克思文本的生态学解读  

What Gives Marx’s Doctrine Its“Ecological Dimension”:Kohei Saito’s Ecological Interpretation of Marx’s Texts

作　　者：张宁 ZHANG Ning(School of Marxism,Ningxia University)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第3期24-37,共14页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：斋藤幸平通过对马克思主要文本尤其是晚年“自然科学笔记”的生态学解读,驳斥了长期以来西方主流意识形态对马克思“普罗米修斯主义”、“工业至上主义(hyperindustrialism)”、“生产的魔鬼”等反生态形象的误解,还原了一个具有浓厚生态兴趣,热衷于自然科学研究,关心土壤枯竭、气候变化、工业污染、资源浪费等环境问题的马克思形象。他认为,马克思学说具有极强的生态意蕴,特别是马克思的物质变换理论为分析当代环境问题提供了独特视角,因而马克思是19世纪的生态学家。斋藤幸平通过考察马克思的异化理论、人与自然关系理论、物质变换理论、价值理论以及他对自然科学特别是农业化学的相关论述,揭秘了马克思生态思想形成的历史谱系。Through an ecological interpretation of Marx’s major texts,especially his texts on natural science in his later years,Kohei Saito refutes the long-standing misconceptions of mainstream Western ideology about Marx’s antiecological images such as“Prometheanism”,“hyperindustrialism”,“the devil of production”,and so on,and restores the image of Marx,who had a strong ecological interest,was passionate about natural science,and was concerned about environmental issues such as soil depletion,climate change,industrial pollution,and resource waste.He argues that Marx’s doctrines have strong ecological implications,especially his theory of material transformations,which provides a unique perspective for analyzing contemporary environmental issues,thus making Marx an ecologist of the 19th century.Kohei Saito uncovers the historical lineage of Marx’s ecological thought by examining his theory of alienation,of the relationship between human and nature,his theory of material transformations,of value,and his related discourse on natural science,especially agricultural chemistry.

关 键 词：斋藤幸平 马克思生态学 物质变换 自然科学笔记 MEGA2 

分 类 号：X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学] A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]