铅对‘早酥’梨花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响  

Effect of Pb on pollen germination and tube growth in‘Zaosu’pear

作　　者：孙文研 柏荷 吴沁怡 褚世慧 刘阳 房克凤[1] SUN Wenyan;BAI He;WU Qinyi;CHU Shihui;LIU Yang;FANG Kefeng(College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;College of Plant Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院园林学院,北京102206 [2]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2024年第3期57-62,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31270719)。

摘　　要：【目的】为揭示重金属污染影响梨花粉管生长发育的特点及作用机理提供一定的理论依据。【方法】利用含有浓度为0 mg/L、0.1 mg/L、1 mg/L、10 mg/L、50 mg/L、100 mg/L Pb的培养基进行梨花粉的培养,观察不同浓度Pb对梨花粉萌发、花粉管长度及细胞壁主要成分的影响。【结果】Pb抑制梨花粉萌发和花粉管生长,且随着浓度升高,抑制作用越强。此外,Pb改变了梨花粉管细胞壁成分的分布情况:在对照组中,梨花粉管上纤维素均匀分布于花粉管壁表面,胼胝质分布向花粉管顶端逐渐减少,酸性果胶均匀分布于花粉管,酯化果胶富集于花粉管顶端与亚顶端;0.1 mg/L的Pb处理没有明显影响花粉管细胞壁成分分布;100 mg/L Pb处理后,纤维素和胼胝质分别积累于花粉管基部与顶端,酸性果胶含量减少,酯化果胶仅在顶端分布。【结论】低浓度Pb对梨花粉萌发和花粉管生长影响不显著,但是100 mg/L的Pb对花粉萌发和花粉管伸长生长有显著的抑制作用,对花粉管细胞壁成分分布影响也较大。[Objective]To provide a theoretical basis for revealing the characteristics and mechanism of heavy metal pollution affecting the growth and development of Pyrus spp.pollen tubes.[Methods]Pollen was cultured in medium including 0 mg/L,0.1 mg/L,1 mg/L,10 mg/L,50 mg/L,and 100 mg/L Pb respectively,then the germination rates of pollen and the length of pollen tubes were analyzed.The components of pollen tube wall were also observed using fluorescent labeling.[Results]The results showed that Pb inhibited pollen germination and tube growth in a concentration dependent manner.Pb also affected the distribution of the cell wall components.In the control group,cellulose was uniformly present throughout pollen tube wall,callose was gradually reduced toward the tip,acidic pectin was uniformly distributed on pollen tube wall,and esterified pectin was enriched at the tip and the subapical part of the pollen tubes.0.1 mg/L Pb did not significantly affect the distribution of pollen tube cell wall components.After treatment with 100 mg/L Pb,cellulose and callose were accumulated respectively at the base and tip of pollen tube wall,acidic pectin decreased,and esterified pectin was distributed only at the tip of pollen tube wall.[Conclusion]100 mg/L Pb significantly inhibited pollen germination and pollen tube growth,as well as influenced the distribution of pollen tube cell wall components.But 0.1 mg/L Pb did not significantly affect Pyrus spp pollen germination and tube growth.

关 键 词：梨 花粉管 铅 纤维素 胼胝质 果胶 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]