计及尾流的风电场智能等效建模及偏航优化控制  

Intelligent Equivalent Modelling and Yaw Optimization Control of a Wind Farm Considering Wake Effects

作　　者：蔡玮 胡阳[1,2] 刘吉臻[1,2] CAI Wei;HU Yang;LIU Jizhen(State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;School of Control and Computer Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学新能源电力系统全国重点实验室,北京102206 [2]华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《动力工程学报》2024年第7期1051-1059,共9页Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2023YQ002)。

摘　　要：大型风电场中存在的尾流干扰会降低风电场整体输出功率,因此需要对风电场建立等效模型,并通过优化尾流分布来提升风电场整体功率输出能力。在所提出的新型风电场偏航优化框架中,提出了一种利用参数监督学习和正则化技术改进的径向基函数神经网络算法,并建立了面向多自由度偏航控制的风电场功率转换智能等效模型。在该模型的基础上,定义了以风电机组偏航角为决策变量的场级最大输出功率优化问题,提出了一种改进的精英多种群遗传算法并进行优化求解,得到各机组偏航角优化值以减少机组间尾流干扰。利用实际风电场布局和风况数据进行了仿真测试。结果表明:所建立的风电场功率转换智能等效模型与其实际特性吻合良好,在特定风况下,偏航优化控制使得风电场总功率提升718.79 kW;连续风况下,所提优化控制方法在不同风况下均有明显的优化效果,风电场总功率平均提升1208 kW,验证了所提出的新型风电场偏航优化框架在提升风电场整体输出功率上的优越性。The interference of wake in a large-scale wind farm decreases its overall power output.It is therefore necessary to establish an equivalent model of the wind farm and optimize its wake distribution to increase the overall power.The authors presented a novel yaw optimization framework for wind farms,including a radial basis function neural network algorithm improved by parameter supervised learning and regularization techniques,and an intelligent equivalent model for the power conversion of the wind farm targeting multi-degree-of-freedom yaw control.An optimization problem maximizing the power output of the wind farm with the yaw angles as decision variables was defined based on the present model.An enhanced elitist multiple population genetic algorithm was proposed and used to solve the optimization problem,and the optimum yaw angles of each wind turbines minimizing the wake interference were obtained.Numerical simulations were carried out to validate the equivalent models using an actual wind farm layout and realistic wind conditions.The results show good accordance between the present intelligent equivalent model and the actual characteristics of the wind farm.Under specific wind conditions,yaw optimization control leads to a power increase of 718.79 kW for the wind farm.For continuous wind conditions,the proposed optimization control method shows significant improvement under different wind conditions,resulting in an average power increase of 1208 kW for the wind farm.The superiority of the proposed novel yaw optimization framework in enhancing the overall power output of wind farms has been validated.

关 键 词：风电场 尾流效应 径向基函数 神经网络 偏航角优化 多种群遗传算法 

分 类 号：TK89[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]