人参和西洋参提取物中皂苷组分比例分析及其在参类产品鉴别中的应用研究  

Analysis of Proportion of Saponins in Extracts of Ginseng and American Ginseng and Its Application on Identification of Ginseng Products

作　　者：李青 许伟沂 彭丽诗 周钡华 LI Qing;XU Weiyi;PENG Lishi;ZHOU Beihua(Sirio Pharma Co.,Ltd.,Shantou 515041,China)

机构地区：[1]仙乐健康科技股份有限公司,广东汕头515041

出　　处：《食品科技》2024年第5期225-233,共9页Food Science and Technology

摘　　要：目的:利用皂苷特定组分间的比例建立人参和西洋参提取物产品的真假鉴别方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法检测自制人参和西洋参提取物中9种皂苷含量,通过分析其比例和存在的规律,筛选关键鉴别指标,建立参提取物产品的鉴别方法,并利用所建立方法对多批市售产品质量进行评价。结果:宣称为人参和西洋参提取物产品,需同时检测出8种特定人参皂苷;人参提取物产品不得检出拟人参皂苷F11(<4.6 μg/g)、人参皂苷Rb1/Rg1应在1~2、人参皂苷Rf/总人参皂苷≥0.06、人参皂苷Re/总人参皂苷<0.17、人参皂苷Rb3/总人参皂苷≤0.03;西洋参提取物产品不得检出人参皂苷Rf(<4.2 μg/g)、人参皂苷Rb1/Rg1应在9~17、人参皂苷Re/总人参皂苷<0.34、人参皂苷Rb3/总人参皂苷≤0.02、人参皂苷Rb2/Rc<0.26。在市售产品质量评价中发现,8批市售人参提取物中,有6批不符合上述鉴别要求;8批西洋参提取物中,有3批不符合上述鉴别要求。结论:该研究为企业在筛选合格的人参、西洋参提取物物料,监控提取物质量等工作中提供了参考;同时也为企业在植物提取物产品鉴别研究方面提供了参考思路。Objective:To establish a method for the identification of ginseng and American ginseng extracts by the proportion of specific components of saponins.Methods:The contents of 9 saponins in self-made extracts of ginseng and American ginseng were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).By analyzing the proportion and existing rules,screening the key identification indexes,a method for identifying the adulteration of extracts was established,and the quality of multiple batches of commercially available products was evaluated.Results:8 specific ginsenosides should be detected for ginseng and American ginseng products.Ginseng extract:pseudoginsenoside F11 should not be detected (<4.6 μg/g),ginsenoside Rb1/Rg1 should be 1–2,ginsenoside Rf/total ginsenoside≥0.06,ginsenoside Re/total ginsenoside<0.17,ginsenoside Rb3/total ginsenoside≤0.03.American ginseng:ginsenoside Rf should not be detected (<4.2 μg/g),ginsenoside Rb1/Rg1 should be 9–17,ginsenoside Re/total ginsenoside<0.34,ginsenoside Rb3/total ginsenoside≤0.02,ginsenoside Rb2/Rc<0.26.It was found that 6 out of 8 batches of ginseng extract sold in the market did not meet the above identification requirements.Among the 8 batches of American ginseng extracts,3 batches did not meet the above identification requirements.Conclusion:The study provides reference for enterprises in screening qualified ginseng and American ginseng extract materials and monitoring the quality of extracts.It also provides reference ideas for enterprises in the identification of plant extracts products.

关 键 词：人参提取物 西洋参提取物 人参皂苷 皂苷组分比例 鉴别 高效液相色谱 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]