Porphyrins,phthalocyanines,and related covalent-organic frameworks in the photochemical and electrochemical water splitting:A review  

作　　者：Oxana V.Kharissova Yolanda Peña Méndez Boris I.Kharisov Aleksandr LNikolaev Edith Luévano-Hipólito Lucy T.González 

机构地区：[1]Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León,Ave.Universidad s/n,San Nicolás de los Garza,Nuevo León,66455,Mexico [2]Department of Chemistry,Moscow State University,Vorobievy Hills,Moscow,Russia [3]CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León,Facultad de Ingeniería Civil-Departamento de Ecomateriales y Energía,Cd.Universitaria,C.P.66455,San Nicolás de los Garza,NL,Mexico [4]Tecnologico de Monterrey,Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias,Monterrey,Nuevo León 64890,Mexico [5]Tecnologico de Monterrey,Centro del Agua,Monterrey,Nuevo León 64890,Mexico

出　　处：《Particuology》2024年第7期236-265,共30页颗粒学报（英文版）

基　　金：CONACYT for financial support of this research through the projects:Catedras CONAHCYT 1060 and Paradigmas y Fronteras de la Ciencia 320379.

摘　　要：In this review,the possibilities of photochemical and electrochemical water splitting(WS)using porphyrins,phthalocyanines,related macrocycles,and their metal complexes are discussed.Significant efforts are being carried out in order to develop novel and cheap methods for water decomposition to generate inexhaustible greener energy sources(molecular hydrogen)instead of oil and gas.The processes of WS in heterogeneous and homogeneous media require novel photo-and electrocatalysts,in particular those on macrocycle basis.A high WS efficiency has been observed for porphyrins and phthalocyanines,showing their suitability both for HER and OER processes are available using these relative compounds for WS purposes.Porphyrins can be used in photocatalytic and electrocatalytic WS processes both in their free forms or as metal porphyrins/porphyrinates,mainly loaded on various inorganic materials,such as Au NPs,C_(3)N_(4),GaP,KTaO_(3),GaP,and so on,as part of porphyrin-containing polymers or on electrode surface as modifying coatings,being sometimes better than commercial catalysts,such as Pt/C.Photocatalytic H2 evolution can be considerably depended on the shape of porphyrin particles;in particular,porphyrin nanowires can yield up to 20 times more H2 than its powder.In certain cases,both HER and OER can be driven in the same electrolyte using metal porphyrins.The capacity of metal porphyrins to generate ROS(in particular,singlet oxygen 1O_(2))under ultrasonic treatment is known and can be successfully used for H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2) generation.Phthalocyanines can be used in similar processes in free form or as composites with inorganic or organic counterparts,being immobilized on nanocarbons,metal oxides and salts,or simply dissolved in water acting in a homogeneous medium.An additional use of ultrasound can lead to better results due to the synergistic effect of the sonochemical treatment and light.Covalent-organic frameworks are also applied for WS purposes and are mainly based on a variety of N-containing ligands,such as tr

关 键 词：PORPHYRINS Phthalocyanines COFs Water splitting PHOTOCATALYSIS ELECTROCATALYSIS 

分 类 号：O62[理学—有机化学]