重视晶状体蛋白聚集在白内障形成中的作用  

Pay attention to the role of lens protein aggregation in the formation of cataracts

作　　者：王玥[1] 万修华 Wang Yue;Wan Xiuhua(Doctoral degree 2024,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China;Beiing Tongren Eye center,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key Lab,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科,100730 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心,北京市眼科学与视觉科学重点实验室,100730

出　　处：《中华眼科医学杂志（电子版）》2024年第1期1-5,共5页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82171037)。

摘　　要：白内障是全球范围内常见的致盲眼病之一,据世界卫生组织2019年发布的世界视觉报告统计,全球约6520万患者罹患白内障可导致的中重度远视力下降甚或致盲。近年来,随着全球人口老龄化进程的加速,白内障的患病率急剧增加。晶状体的主要成分是晶状体蛋白,可分为α晶状体蛋白、β晶状体蛋白及γ晶状体蛋白等三大家族。这些蛋白质之间相互作用且具有高度有序性,是维持晶状体透明的关键。若蛋白质内或蛋白质间相互作用被破坏则会改变这种微妙的结构暴露出疏水表面,进而可导致晶状体蛋白质聚集和白内障的形成。研究晶状体蛋白间的相互作用和聚集机制有助于阐明白内障形成的分子病理机制,有助于制定预防措施或研发白内障的靶向药物。本文中笔者就近年来晶状体蛋白聚集在白内障形成中作用的研究进展进行述评。Cataract is one of the common blinding eye diseases worldwide.According to the 2019 World Vision Report released by the World Health Organization,approximately 65.2 million patients worldwide suffer from cataracts,which can lead to moderate to severe visual impairment or even blindness.In recent years,with the acceleration of global population aging,the incidence of cataracts has sharply increased.The main component of the lens is crystalline protein,which can be divided into three major families of crystalline proteins,includingα-lens proteinβ-lens protein and-lens protein.These proteins interact with each other with a high degree of orderliness,which is crucial for maintaining the transparency of the lens.If the interactions within or between proteins are disrupted,this subtle structure will be altered to expose hydrophobic surfaces,which can lead to the aggregation of crystalline proteins and the formation of cataracts.The interactions and aggregation mechanisms between crystalline proteins have been demonstrated in the furture,which can help elucidate the molecular pathological mechanisms of cataract formation,and aid in the development of preventive measures or targeted drugs for cataracts.The research progress on the role of lens protein aggregation in cataract formation in recent years were reviewed in this paper.

关 键 词：晶状体蛋白 白内障 晶状体蛋白聚集 治疗 

分 类 号：R779.6[医药卫生—眼科]